Chapter 2 Flashcards
consists of a plastic or metal
plumbing manifold and flexible plastic
piping
Homerun or Manifold distribution configuration
Two basic types of water supply
distribution systems are used in buildings
upfeed(upflow) and downfeed (downflow)
water pressure from the water supply main is relied on to drive water flow through the
system.
upfeed (upflow)
serves as a common
location from which all the plumbing
fixtures are supplied.
manifold
Two separate chambers of Manifold
Cold and Hot water chambers
supplied from the main water supply line
cold water chamber
is fed from the
water heater
hot water chamber
Fluid (gas or liquid) molecules tend to seek
equilibrium (a stability of forces)
hydraustatic pressure
is the driving
force behind fluid flow
water pressure
is a physical phenomenon that occurs in a liquid when it experiences a drastic drop
in pressure that causes the liquid to vaporize into small vapor bubbles.
Cavitation
is an unsatisfactory connection or arrangement of piping that can cause nonpotable water to enter the potable water system.
cross-connection
AWWA
American Water Works Association
is a type of cross-connection that occurs when contaminated water or some other liquid or substance unintentionally flows backward into distribution pipes containing potable water.
BACKFLOW
A large pressure develops when fluid moving through a pipe is suddenly stopped. In a plumbing supply system, the sudden closing of a valve will cause fast-flowing water to stop quickly, resulting in a large increase in pressure
Water Hammer
- is a series of hollow channels
that carry water to and
wastewater from plumbing fixtures
piping
are used to connect lengths
of pipe in the piping
network
fitting
are used to regulate or
control the flow of water.
valves
are components,
receptacles, or pieces of
equipment that use water and dispose of
wastewater at the
point of water use
fixtures
formula for S.G.
P or Y (sample) / P or Y (water)
formula for Volumetric flow
Q= v/t
formula for absolute pressure
Pabs= Patm + Pgauge
are patented devices
that absorb hydraulic shock.
water hammer arrestors
This expansion must be considered in the design of the system.
thermal expansion
water molecules begin to align themselves into the crystal structure of ice, causing its volume to increase slightly.
below 39 F (4 deg)
water freezes at
32 F (0 deg)
is applied to the outer walls of piping to reduce heat loss from the pipe or prevent condensation on the outside pipe walls.
pipe insulation
common pipe insulation materials.
Foam and covered fiberglass insulation materials
is an appliance or system that heats water for domestic or building service hot water use.
water heater
supply hot water on demand.
tankless water heaters or demand water heaters
traditionally the most popular water supply pipe material
copper tubing
used primarily for underground
water service in water supply systems.
Type K copper tube
this type of tubing is
most popular for use in water supply
systems
Type L copper tubing
type of tubing used for branch supplies where water pressure is not too great, but it is not used for risers and mains
Type M copper tubing
is the thinnest copper
tube and is used in non-pressure
applications.
DMV Copper tube
this pipe is threaded for fitting connections, but requires thicker walls to accommodate the threading, making the installation and handling more difficult than for copper.
Brass pipe
