Chapter 2 Flashcards
acute stress reactions
Reactions to stress that occur during a traumatic situation
aerosol-generating procedure
Treatments that increase the risk for transmission of infections that are spread through the air or by droplets: CPR is an example
airborne transmission
The spread of an organism via droplets or dust
bloodborne pathogens
Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
burnout
A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services
communicable disease
A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another
compassion fatigue
A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time
concealment
The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you
contamination
The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body
cover
The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection
critical incident stress management (CISM)
A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium
cumulative stress reactions
Prolonged or excessive stress
delayed stress reactions
Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation
designated officer
The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues
direct contact
Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact
distress
A negative response to a stressor
eustress
A beneficial response to a stressor
exposure
A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur
foodborne transmission
The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease
general adaptation syndrome
The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion
