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Bio 2311 First Test > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is atomic weight?

A

Protons + neutrons

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2
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

Number of protons

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3
Q

What does H+ mean in our body?

A

Acid

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4
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Elements that has more neutrons

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5
Q

What is the outermost shell called?

A

Valence shell

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6
Q

What are the three types of bonds?

A

Ionic, Covalent, hydrogen

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7
Q

What happens during Ionic bonds?

A

Gain or lose electrons (common in column 1&2 / 6&7 )

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8
Q

What happens during covalent bonds?

A

Share electrons (common in column 4&5)

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9
Q

What happens during hydrogen bonds

A

Hydrogen share between each other

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10
Q

What does synthesis reaction mean?

A

Two components bond together to make a larger molecule

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11
Q

What does decomposition reaction mean?

A

Bond between larger molecules break to make smaller molecules

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12
Q

Dehydration synthesis?

A

Removes water to, form a bond( makes molecules bigger)

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13
Q

Hydrolysis?

A

Adds water, to break a bond (makes molecule smaller)

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14
Q

Is an acid or base known as the proton donator

A

Acid

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15
Q

Is an acid or base known as the proton acceptor?

A

Base

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16
Q

What are saccharides ( sugar molecules)?

A

Carbohydrates

17
Q

What are monosaccharides (one sugar) ?

A

Glucose, fructose, galactose, deoxyribose

18
Q

What doe enzymes do?

A

Require less activation energy and speed up reactions

19
Q

What are disaccharides?

A

Sucrose, lactose, maltose

20
Q

What are polysaccharides?

A

Starch,glycogen, cellulose

21
Q

What are Lipids?

A

Fats

22
Q

What are the two types of fatty acids?

A

Saturated (single bond) and unsaturated (double bond)

23
Q

What are phospholipids, sterols and prostaglandins?

A

Lipids

24
Q

What make up proteins?

A

Amino acids

25
Q

What makes proteins different?

A

Their side chain

26
Q

How are proteins formed?

A

By making peptide bonds (by dehydration)

27
Q

What does the primary structure look like for amino acids?

A

A row of amino acids

28
Q

What does the secondary structure look like for amino acids?

A

Alpha helix and pleated sheet

29
Q

What are the 4 type of nucleotides?

A

Cytosine (C), Thymine (T), Urasil (U), Adenine (A)

30
Q

What are the bonds for DNA?

A

A=T
C (triple bond) G

31
Q

What are the bonds for RNA?

A

A=U
C (triple bond) G

32
Q

Where is ATP shared in phosphate bonds?

A

Between the 2 and 3 layer

Bio 2311 First Test (5 decks)

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