Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are the structure of atoms
Proton, Neutrons, and Electrons
Neutrons weigh
1 amu
Electrons weigh
0amu
Protons and Neutrons are found in
The nucleus
What are the three types of mixtures
Solutions, Colloids and Suspensions
Colloids
Gives solution cloudy or milky look
Colloids and suspensions
Are heterogeneous mixtures
Colloids
Do not settle out
What is a mole
The sum of atomic weight measured in grams
1 mole of a compound is equal
To it’s molecular weight
Name the bonds
Ionic, Covalent, and Hydrogen bonds
This bond completes the transfer of electrons
Ionic bonds
Are atoms that have gained or lost and electrons and become charged
Ions
In ionic bonds protons and electrons
do NOT equal
This bond involves the transfer of valence shell of electrons from one atom to another
Ionic bond
Anions and Cations are found in
Ionic bonds
Anions have what charge
Negative
Atom that gained one or more electrons
Anion
Atom that lost one or more electron
Cation
Cations have what charge
Positive
Which bond is formed by sharing two or more valence shell electrons between two atoms
Covalent bonds
This bond results in electrically balanced
Non polar covalent bonds
Attractive force between electropositive hydrogen of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule
Hydrogen bonds
Water is
Inorganic
Counts for 60-80% of living cells
Water
What are the properties of water
High heat capacity, High heat vaporization, Polar Solvent, Reactivity, and Cushioning
Necessary part of hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions
Reactivity
Says
Are ionic compounds
Salts seperate into
Cations
All ions in salts are called
Electrolytes
Acids are
Electrolytes
Acids are
PROTON DONERS release Hydrogen Ions
Bases
PROTON ACCEPTORS pick up H + ions in a solution
Bases make the ending H
Negative
Acids product is
Postive
Carbon is
Electroneutral
Acidic solutions
Have high H + ions but low pH
Basic solutions
Have low H + ions but high pH
Buffers
Concert strong acid and based into weak ones
