Chapter 2 Flashcards
Is the belief that others are paying more attention to ones appearance and behavior than they really are. It means that we tend to see ourselves at center stage, we intuitively overestimate the extent to which others attention is aimed at us.
Spotlight Effect
It is the illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others.
Illusion of transparency
Other examples of the interplay between our sense of self and our social worlds:
- Social surroundings affect our self-awareness
- Social-interest colors our social judgement
- Self-concern motivates our social behavior
- Social relationships help define our self
When we are the only members of our race, gender, or nationality in a group, we notice how we differ and how others are reacting to our differences.
Social surroundings affect our self-awareness
When problems arise in a close relationship such as marriage, we usually attribute more responsibility to our partners than to ourselves.
Self-interest colors our social judgment
In hopes of making a positive impression, we agonize about our appearance. We also monitor others’ behavior and expectations and adjust our behavior accordingly.
Self-concern motivates our social behavior
In our varied relationships, we have varying selves, note Susan Andersen and Serena Chen (2002). We may be one with Mom, another with friends, and another with teachers. How we think of ourselves is linked to the person we’re with at the moment.
Social relationships help define our self
📌 The sum total of an individual belief about his or her personal attributes. It is generally thought of as our individual perceptions of our behavior, abilities, and unique characteristics
📌 It is the image that we have of ourselves.
📌 _______ _______ is not innate but develops over time from a variety of sources which include our
genetics (temperament), and the feedback we receive from society, coaches, parents, family members, teachers, and our cultural heritage.
📌 The way a person thinks about and views his or her traits, beliefs, and purpose within the world.
Self-Concept: The Cognitive Self
The most essential aspect of yourself is _________
Yourself
A neuron path located in the cleft between your brain hemispheres just behind your eyes, seemingly helps stitch together your sense of self.
medial prefrontal cortex
📌 The elements of your self-concept, the specific beliefs by which you define yourself, are
your ______ _______ (Markus & Wurf, 1987)
📌 Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information.
📌 Each person has very different _______ ________ that are influenced heavily by past experiences, relationships, upbringing, society, and culture.
📌 The ______ ______ becomes self-perpetuating when the individual chooses activities based on expectations instead of desires
Self-schema(s)
📌 Images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future
📌 _______ ________ include our visions of the self we dream of becoming—the rich self, the thin self, the passionately loved and loving self (who a person would like to be)
📌 This can be like daydreaming about being a perfect and successful person, thinking about how to make the best of existing circumstances and opportunities, and a fear of what a person might become if they give in to negative desires and fantasies.
Possible Self
📌 The social self refers to how we are regarded and recognized by others.
📌 Our Sense of Self Is Influenced by the Groups We Belong To.
📌 The social self is produced through the earliest childhood interactions.
Development of Social Self
