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cs paper 1 > chapter 2 > Flashcards

chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

local area network (LAN)

A

devices connected over a small geographical area, can use wireless transmission.

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2
Q

wide area network (WAN)

A

held over a large geographical area and is used to connect LANs. they cannot use wireless transmission and have to use dedicated lines, PSTN, etc.

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3
Q

client-server

quick definition

A

one main computer is used as the server and provides services via the web. everything is centralised

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4
Q

peer-to-peer

A

All computers are of equal status. each computer provides resources and shares access. each is responsible for its own security

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5
Q

star topology

A

each device is connected to a central hub only

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6
Q

mesh topology

A

all devices in the network are interconnected

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7
Q

bus topology

A

all devices in the network are connected by one central coaxial cable.

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8
Q

hybrid topology

A

the combination of two or more different topology types

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9
Q

cloud computing

A

accessing a service on a remote server

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10
Q

public cloud

A

computing services(software, files) offered by a 3rd party provider over the public internet

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11
Q

private cloud

A

computing services only available to select users not the general public

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12
Q

copper cable

A

way to connect devices through coaxial or twisted-pair cables

not markscheme

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13
Q

fibre-optic

A

transmits data as light

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14
Q

router

hardware in a lan

A

receives and sends data between two networks operating on the same protocol.

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15
Q

gateway

hardware in a lan

A

receives and sends data packets between networks that use different protocols

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16
Q

wireless network interface card (wnic)

hardware in a lan

A

hardware component that allows a device to connect to a wireless network

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17
Q

repeater

hardware in a lan

A

restores the digital signal so it can be transmitted over greater distances (extends the connection)

18
Q

wireless access point (wap)

hardware in a lan

A

Allows devices to connect to the LAN via radio communication
instead of using a cable from the central device to nodes on the network (and vice versa)

19
Q

switch

hardware in a lan

A

Connected to all devices in a LAN and can simultaneously broadcast information to all devices using a unicast message

20
Q

hub

hardware in a lan

A

networking device which is used to connect multiple devices (usually computers) in a network.

21
Q

network interface card (NIC)

hardware in a lan

A

hardware devices needed to allow a computer to connect to a network. a NIC provides a computer with a unique MAC address

  • recieves analogue radio waves, converts to digital. also converts digital to analogue
  • encrypts and decrypts the data
  • provides an interface to a wireless network
22
Q

bridge

hardware in a lan

A

Connects two LANs together

23
Q

modem

hardware in a WAN

A

To connect (the servers) to the Internet over a telephone line

24
Q

PSTN

hardware in a WAN

A

dedicated channel used between two points for the duration of the call. lines remain active even during a power outage. Communication is sent through different switching centers.

25
Q

dedicated lines

hardware in a WAN

A

Connection that is only used for a business // permanent connection. Able to host websites as well as carry phone calls
Allows continuous, uninterrupted access on web.

26
Q

cell phone network

hardware in a WAN

A

wireless network that sends data to cell towers over mobile connection

27
Q

bit streaming

A
  • sequence of digital signals /
  • bits over a communication path /
  • Internet transfer of data at high speed
  • requires fast broadband connection
  • requires some form of buffering
  • bits arrive in the same order as sent
28
Q

real-time bit streaming

A

Event captured live via video camera that is connected to a computer.

29
Q

on-demand bit streaming

A

Event that has taken place in the past. Existing media are encoded to bit streaming format and uploaded to a server.

30
Q

the internet

what is it?

A

is the infrastructure, massive network of networks/interconnected network of computer devices. Internet stands for Interconnected Networks

31
Q

WWW (world wide web)

A

stores the webpages/content which are stored on websites. Web documents are accessed using browsers the WWW is accessed through the internet. is based on
- web browsers and web servers
- HTTP
- HTML

32
Q

benefits of fibre optic cable

A
  • Fibre optic has higher bandwidth than copper cable
  • Fibre optic has less interference in the signal than copper cable
  • Needs less signal boosting
  • Fibre optic is much more difficult to hack into than copper cable
33
Q

drawbacks of fibre optic cable

A
  • Initial installation cost is higher
  • Specialists are needed to install/maintain
  • Difficult to terminate
  • Less durable - Fibres can break when bent
  • Only transmits data in one direction // cannot transmit power, only data
34
Q

benefits of wireless

A
  • Freedom of movement
  • …can move between rooms and still receive / transmit data
  • Easily expanded
  • Less cabling / expertise is needed
  • …making the initial setup less expensive
  • Many different types of device can be connected at the same time
35
Q

benefits of wired

A
  • Faster connection // higher bandwidth
  • …needed as she is downloading/streaming large files
  • …less time waiting / fewer delays
  • More reliable / stable connection
  • …is less susceptible to issues with distance/walls/interference
  • More secure
36
Q

drawbacks of wireless

A
  • easier to hack
  • more signal interference
  • signal degrades quickly
37
Q

drawback of wired

A
38
Q

WNIC

A
  • Provide interface to wireless network
  • … as an antenna
  • Receives analogue radio waves
  • … convert them to digital / binary
  • Checks incoming transmissions for correct MAC / IP address
  • … ignore transmissions not intended for it
  • Encrypts / encodes the data
  • Decrypts / decodes the data
  • Takes digital/binary input and converts to analogue waves
  • … sends the radio waves via the antenna
39
Q

thick client

A

files are stores locally on the computer

+ user has more control
- harder to update all
- more prone to integrity issues

40
Q

thin client

A

most files are accessed and stored on a server

+ easier for administration to set up
+ and software updates
+ more secure
- very reliant on server
- slower

41
Q

HTTP

A

the protocol web servers and the web browsers communicate by

42
Q

web browser

A

a software which allows you to view content on the world wide web

cs paper 1 (4 decks)

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