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btm 200 > chapter 2 > Flashcards

chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a computer

A

data processing devices

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2
Q

what are the 4 major functions of a computer

A

input, process, output, storage

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3
Q

what is input function

A
  1. gather data
  2. allows users to enter data
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4
Q

what is process function

A

manipulates, calculates, organises data into info

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5
Q

what is output function

A
  1. displays data in a suitable form for users
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6
Q

what is the storage function

A

saves data and information for later use

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7
Q

what is data

A

representation of fact, figure or idea
can be a number, word, picture, sound

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8
Q

what is information

A

data orgnanized or presented in meaningful fashion

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9
Q

binary language

A

only 2 digits: 0 and 1
called binary digit or bit
put together = bytes
0= no electric current
1= electric current

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10
Q

what are bytes

A

combination of bites
can be small or large
always 8 bits series

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11
Q

what are bytes stored in

A

hardware and software

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12
Q

what is hardware

A

any part of computer you can physically touch

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13
Q

what is software

A

set of computer programs making hardware perform various tasks.

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14
Q

what are the 2 types of software

A

application software and system software

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15
Q

what is application software

A

set of programs used on a computer helping to carry out tasks

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16
Q

what is the most common type of system software

A

operating system

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17
Q

what is distributed computing

A

putting your computer to work while you sleep

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18
Q

what are the 2 basic types of computers

A

portable and stationary

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19
Q

what are the 5 different types of portable computers

A

tablet computer
laptop or notebook computer
ultrabook
2-in-1 pc
chrome book

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20
Q

what is a mainframe

A

large expensive computer supporting many users simultaneously

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21
Q

what is a supercomputer

A

specially designed computer that can perform complex calculations really fast

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22
Q

what is an embedded computer

A

special computer chip residing in other device

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23
Q

what is an input device

A

lets you enter data and instructions into computer

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24
Q

what does wireless technology use

A

radio frequency, a radio transmitter sending signals by device or bluetooth

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25
Q

what are toogle keys

A

keys whose function changes between 2 options

26
Q

what is near field communication (NCF)

A

connects devices by proximity of each other

27
Q

what is a resistive system

A

maps exact location of pressure point

28
Q

what is capacitive system

A

uses change in electrical charge on panel to generate a location

29
Q

surface acoustic wave system

A

display’s software translates touch to operating system

30
Q

microphone types

A
  1. close talk
  2. omnidirectional
  3. unidirectional
  4. clip-on
31
Q

omnidirectional microphone

A

picks up sound from all directions

32
Q

unidirectional microphone

A

picks up sound from one direction

33
Q

4 types of monitors

A
  1. liquid crystal display
  2. light-emitting diode
  3. legacy technology
  4. organic light-emitting diode displays
34
Q

pixels

A

millions of tiny dots illuminated by light waves by fluorescent panel at back of screen

35
Q

6 aspects to consider when shopping for monitor

A
  1. aspect ratio
  2. screen resolution
  3. contrast ratio
  4. viewing angle
  5. brightness
  6. response time
36
Q

2 types of printers

A
  1. nonimpact printer
  2. impact printer
37
Q

3 specialty printers

A
  1. all-in-one printer
  2. large format printer
  3. thermal printer
38
Q

4 things to consider when choosing printer

A
  1. speed
  2. resolution
  3. color output
  4. cost of consumables
39
Q

motherboard

A

main circuit board containing central electronic components of computer

40
Q

network interface card

A

enables coputer to connect with others or cable modern for high-speed internet. can also use usb

41
Q

random access memory (RAM)

A

where data and programs are stored in the computer
bunch of small cards plugged in slots called memory cards

42
Q

read-only memory (ROM)

A

permanent storage containing info about start up about computer

43
Q

volatile storage and nonvolatile storage

A

RAM is temporary, ROM is permanent

44
Q

cache memory

A

auxiliary memory from which high-speed retrieval is possible

45
Q

central processing unit (CPU or processor)

A

brains of computer controlling all functions by computer’s other components
processing all commands issued by software
can perform many tasks simultaneously

46
Q

what is CPU measured in

A

hertz

47
Q

machine cycle

A

processing of CPU getting data or instructions from RAM

48
Q

internal hard drive

A

system unit holding all stored programs and data

49
Q

drive bay

A

permanent storage devices located in desktop or laptop

50
Q

2 types of drive bays

A

internal and external drive bays

51
Q

port

A

place where peripheral device attaches to computer so data can be exchanged

52
Q

what does usb stand for

A

universal serial bus

53
Q

connectivity port

A

gives access to internet and networks called ethernet port

54
Q

power supply

A

transforms voltages required by computer chips

55
Q

cold boot

A

powering computer from a completely turned off state

56
Q

sleep mode

A

keeps data in RAM so when computer is restarted its quickly accessible

57
Q

hibernate

A

similar to sleep mode, but data stored on hard drive

58
Q

warm boot

A

restarting system while its powered

59
Q

BIOS

A

basic input output system

60
Q

POST

A

power on self test

61
Q

ergonomics

A

how you set up computer and equipment

btm 200 (3 decks)

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