Chapter 2

Question 1

Define Anatomy and Physiology

Answer 1

The study of form (anatomy) and function (physiology) and the relationship between them.

Question 2

What is Osteology?

Answer 2

The study of bones

Question 3

What are the 4 fundamental planes of the body?

Answer 3

Midsagittal
Coronal
Horizontal
Oblique

Question 4

Which plane divides the body into equal left and right halves?

Answer 4

Midsagittal

Question 5

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior?

Answer 5

Horizontal

Question 6

Which plane divides the body into equal anterior and posterior halves?

Answer 6

Mid-Coronal

Question 7

Which plane passes through the body at any angle between the sagittal, coronal and horizontal planes?

Answer 7

Oblique

Question 8

The ____ plane is formed by the biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with the jaw closed.

Answer 8

Occlusal

Question 9

The ____ plane transects the pelvis at the top of the iliac crests at the level of L4.

Answer 9

Interiliac

Question 10

What are the 2 main body cavities?

Answer 10

Thoracic
Abdominal

Question 11

What structures are in the Thoracic cavity?

Answer 11

Heart
Pericardium
Lungs
Pleural membranes
Trachea
Esophagus

Question 12

What structures are in the Abdominal cavity?

Answer 12

Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Kidneys
Ureters
Spleen
Stomach
Peritoneum
Intestines
Bladder
Rectum
Part of the reproductive system

Question 13

What are the 4 quadrants of the abdomen?

Answer 13

RUQ
LUQ
RLQ
LLQ

Question 13

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

Answer 13

R+L hypochondriac, Epigastric
R+L lateral, Umbilical
R+L inguinal, Hypogastric

Question 14

What vertebrae is in line with the jugular notch?

Answer 14

T2,T3

Question 15

The inferior angles of the scapulae are in line with which vertebrae?

Answer 15

T7

Question 16

The Xiphoid process is in line with which vertebrae?

Answer 16

T9/T10 (Xiphoid - roman numeral X=10)

Question 17

The iliac crest is in line with which vertebrae?

Answer 17

L4/L5

Question 18

What are the 4 body habitus’?

Answer 18

Asthenic - Tall and thin
Sthenic - Bout average
Hyposthenic - hardest to determine
Hypersthenic - Big

Question 19

Which body habitus is most common?

Answer 19

Sthenic

Question 20

In which body habitus is the heart most transverse?

Answer 20

Hypersthenic

Question 21

What percent of the population has a sthenic body habitus?

Answer 21

50%

Question 22

What percent of the population has a hyposthenic body habitus?

Answer 22

35%

Question 23

In which body habitus is the stomach lowest?

Answer 23

Asthenic (-10% of the population)

Question 24

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

Answer 24

80

Question 25

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 25

126

Question 26

True or False: Yellow marrow produces red AND white blood cells.

Answer 26

False: Red marrow produces red and white blood cells. Yellow marrow stores fat

Question 27

Blood vessels and nerves enter and exit bones at the same point through openings called ____.

Answer 27

Foramina (a foramen)

Question 28

What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?

Answer 28

Patella (Knee cap)

Question 29

The Cranium, Sternum, and Scapula are all examples of what type of bone? (Long, Short, Flat, Irreg., or Sesamoid)

Answer 29

Flat

Question 30

What is Arthrology?

Answer 30

The study of joints or articulations between joints

Question 31

What is a synarthrotic joint?

Answer 31

An immovable joint

Question 32

What is an amphiarthrotic joint?

Answer 32

A semi-movable joint

Question 33

What is the term for a freely movable joint?

Answer 33

Diarthroses

Question 34

What is the only saddle joint in the body?

Answer 34

Carpometacarpal joint (between trapezium+1st metacarpal) - REGISTRY QUESTION

Question 35

In what projection is the CR angulated with the long axis of a specific body part?

Answer 35

Axial

Question 36

What is another term for "skimming" a body part?

Answer 36

Tangential

Question 37

Another term for dorsal recumbent is ____.

Answer 37

Supine

Question 38

What is prone, and what is another way of saying it?

Answer 38

Patient is laying on their stomach Ventral recumbent

Question 39

What body position has the patients head lower than the body?

Answer 39

Trendelenburg

Question 40

What is the SIMS position?

Answer 40

Patient is recumbent on their left anterior side with the left leg extended and right knee and thigh partially flexed.

Question 41

What is the SIMS position typically used for?

Answer 41

Barium enemas in fluoroscopy.

Question 42

How is the body positioned for the Fowler's position?

Answer 42

The patient is supine with their head higher than the feet.

Question 43

What side of the body is closest to the IR in the RAO position?

Answer 43

Right anterior

Question 44

What side of the body is closest to the IR in the LPO position?

Answer 44

Left posterior

Question 45

What side of the body is closest to the IR in the RPO position?

Answer 45

Right posterior

Question 46

What is the term for turning a body part outward?

Answer 46

Eversion

Question 47

Circular movement of a limb is called ____.

Answer 47

Circumduction

Question 48

Movement of a body part away from the center is called ____.

Answer 48

Abduction

Question 49

Rotation of a body part around its axis is called ____.

Answer 49

Rotation

Question 50

Forced or excessive extension of a limb or joint is called ____.

Answer 50

Hyperextension