chapter 2 Flashcards
neurons
nerve cells in the nervous system
consist of a cell body that contains a nucleus
dendrite: cluster of fibers at one end of a neuron that recieves messages from other neurons
axon: part of the neuron that carries messages destined for other neurons
terminal buttons: small bulges at the end of axons that sends messages to other neurons
myelin sheath: protective coat of fat and protein that wraps around the axon
nueroplasticity
the ability of the brain to modify its connections or re wire itself
nervous system
central: includes brain and spinal cord, the spinal cord bundles of neurons that leaves the brain and runs down the length of the back
peripheral: made up of neurons with long axons and dendrites, it branches out from the spinal cord and brain and reaches the extremites of the bloody
includes:
somatic division: control of voluntary movements and communication of info to and from sense organs
autonomic division: controls involuntary movement of the heart, glands, lungs and other organs
the brain
the brain is composed of forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain,
the brain
EEG: records electrical activity in the brain through electrodes placed on the outside of the skull
fMRI: provides a detailed
hindbrain
contains medulla: controls a critical body functions, such as breathing and heartbeat
pons: bridge in the hindbrain
cerebellum: part of the brain that controls bodily balance
midbrain
thalamus- relay info about senses
hypothalamus - maintains homeostasis, and regulates behavior for survival (eating, self protection, sex)
forebrain
contains cerebrum which is largest part of the brain, and associated with thought and action
endocrine system
releases hormones in the body
makes hormones
sends hormones in your bloodstream
cerebral cortex:
frontal lobe: controls speech and language (motor area and broca area)
parietal lobe: (body sensations, smell, touch, taste,)
temporal lobe: - hearing
occipital area: vision
