Chapter 2 Flashcards
What happens when an atom gains or loses an electron?
An ion forms
What is the smallest unit of matter?
Atom
What happens when atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons?
Covalent bond
What gives water many properties that are important to living things?
Hydrogen bonding
What is unique about carbon?
Bonding properties
What are four main types of carbon based molecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid
What are animal fats and plant oils made of?
Fatty acids and glycerol
What is the process called when substances change into different substances when bonds break and form?
Chemical reactions
What are chemical reactions that absorb more energy than they release?
Endothermic
Activation energy needed for chemical reaction is decreased by ______.
Catalyst
What are the three steps of the lock and key model?
- Substrates bind to an enzyme at certain places called active sites
- The enzyme brings substrates together and weakens their bonds
- The catalyst reactions forms a product that is released from the enzyme
What is the symbol for oxygen?
O
What is the symbol for hydrogen?
H
Why do atoms give and receive electrons?
To form bonds and they want to be stable
Why are atoms forming bonds?
To be stable and create molecules and compounds
