Chapter 2

Question 1

constitution

Answer 1

A nation’s basic law

Question 2

Declaration of Independence

Answer 2

the document approved by representatives of the american colonies in 1776 that stated their grievances against the British monarch and declared their independence.

Question 3

natural rights

Answer 3

rights inherent in human beings, not dependent on governments, which include life, liberty, and property.

Question 4

consent of the governed

Answer 4

According to John Locke, the required basis of government.

Question 5

limited government

Answer 5

the idea that certain things are out of bounds for government because if the natural rights of citizens.

Question 6

Articles of Confederation

Answer 6

the first constitution of the United States adopted by Congress in 1777 and enacted in 1781.

Question 7

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 7

a series of attacks on courthouse by a small band of farmers led by revolutionary war captain Daniel Shays to block foreclosure proceedings.

Question 8

U.S constitution

Answer 8

the document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets forth the institutional structure of U.S government and the tasks these institutions perform.

Question 9

Factions

Answer 9

interest groups arising from the unequal distribution of property or wealth that james madison attacked in federalist paper No. 10.

Question 10

New Jersey Plan

Answer 10

The proposal at the constitutional convention that called for equal representation of each state in congress regardless of the states population.

Question 11

Virginia Plan

Answer 11

the proposal at the constitutional convention that called for representation of each state in congress in proportion to that states share of the U.S population.

Question 12

Connecticut Compromise

Answer 12

The compromise reached at the constitutional Convention that established two houses of Congress.

Question 13

writ of habeas corpus

Answer 13

a court order forcing action.

Question 14

separation of powers

Answer 14

an important part of the Madisonian model that requires each of the three branches of government- executive, legislative, and judicial- to be relatively independent of the others so that one cannot control the others.

Question 15

check and balances

Answer 15

an important part of the Madisonian model designed to limit governments power by requiring that power be balanced among the different governmental institutions.

Question 16

republic

Answer 16

a form of government that derives its power, directly or indirectly , from the people.

Question 17

Federalist

Answer 17

supporters of the of the u.s constitution at the time the states were contemplating its adoption.

Question 18

anti-federalist

Answer 18

Opponents of the american constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption.

Question 19

federalist papers

Answer 19

a collection of 85 articles written by Alexander, Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison under the name “Plublius” to defend the constitution in detail.

Question 20

Bill of Rights

Answer 20

The first ten amendments to the U.S Constitution, drafted in response to some of the anti-federalist concerns.

Question 21

Equal Rights Amendment

Answer 21

a constitutional amendment originally introduced in 1923 and passed by congress in 1972 and sent to to the state legislatures for ratification, stating that ‘equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the united states or by any state on account of sex’.

Question 22

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 22

the 1803 case in which chief Justice John Marshall and his associates first asserted the right of the Supreme court to determine the meaning of the U.S constitution.

Question 23

Judicial review

Answer 23

the power of the courts to determine whether acts of congress, and by implication the executive, are in accord with the U.S constitution.