Chapter 1b the first americans

Question 1

What did Juan Ponce de Leon do?

Answer 1

Explored and named Florida while seeking a mythical “Fountain of Youth” and gold

Question 2

Who led explorers across the Isthmus of Panama to the Pacific Ocean?

Answer 2

Vasco de Balboa

Question 3

What did Ferdinand Magellan do?

Answer 3

part of his crew successfully navigated around the world

Question 4

Who sailed to Mexico and with the help from other tribes he defeated the Aztecs?

Answer 4

Hernando Cortes

Question 5

What is the encomienda system?

Answer 5

• land was divided among Spanish nobles
• Indians (Natives) were forced to farm or mine the land
• Nobles were to ensure the well being of the Indians

Question 6

Three types of Spanish settlements:

Answer 6

1. Presidios
2. Missions
3. Congregaciones

Question 7

What was the first Dutch colony and who started it?

Answer 7

New Amsterdam started by the Dutch West India Company

Question 8

What did Peter Minuit do?

Answer 8

purchased Manhattan from the Indians

Question 9

Who is the Duke of York?

Answer 9

led the English to take over the colony of New Amsterdam in 1664

Question 10

Roanoke Island:

Answer 10

this island off the coast of Carolina was the first attempt at a British Colony

Question 11

What happened to the English Colonies?

Answer 11

they either died or disappeared

Question 12

What was the “Northwest Passage” and who looked for it?

Answer 12

British explorers looked for it so that they could find a way ships could sail through North America to the Pacific Ocean (John Cabot, Henry Hudson)

Question 13

What is the Virginia Company?

Answer 13

What is the Virginia Company?

Question 14

What was the purpose of the Virginia Company?

Answer 14

to build a permanent settlement in north america

Question 15

Reasons why Jamestown nearly failed:

Answer 15

• Starvation
• disease
• poor relations with the natives
• Poor leadership

Question 16

What was the natives reaction to the Jamestown colonists?

Answer 16

Opechancanough (Powhatan Chief) led Indians in an attack on Jamestown and the Natives attacked first and 350 colonists died and they led another attack in 1644

Question 17

Who is John Rolfe?

Answer 17

first British colonist to introduce tobacco in Europe. By 1616 this was the basis of the Jamestown Economy (also married Pocahontas)

Question 18

Who is Sir Francis Drake?

Answer 18

pirateer hired by the British to raid Spanish ships and settlements for silver and gold

Question 19

Who is Governor William Berkeley?

Answer 19

He is Nathaniel Bacon’s cousin of Virginia who refused to help western planters defend against Indian attacks.

Question 20

What did Nathaniel Bacon do?

Answer 20

He raised an army to do it himself. When Berkeley called him a rebel and ordered an army to stop him, Bacon’s army attacked and burned Jamestown.