Chapter 1A Musical Space Flashcards
Enharmonic
C# and Db which are the same note but written in different ways.
Octave sign
8va or 8vb, which means “8va” octave above. “8vb” means octave below.
Register
Pitch placement. For example C3 to C5 is a “middle” register. C6 to C8 is a “high” register.
Pitch Class
All pitches with the same letter name. E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6 are in the pitch class E.
Chromatic System
The entire collection of the 12 possible pitch classes.
Diatonic Scale
Based on the ordered succession of the seven different letter names, is the foundation fo Western Music.
Tonality
When all the pitches are hierarchically arrange din a diatonic scale and one pitch is stronger adn more stable then the others.
Scale degree numbers and names
I.-Tonic
II.-Supertonic
III. Mediant
IV. Subdominant, because it is a fifth below the tonic.
V. Dominant
VI. Submediant, it is a third below the tonic
VII> Leading tone
Major Scale
W-W-H-W-W-W-H
Mode
Defines whether somethign is major or minor.
Circle of fifths (draw in random order not starting from C to help with the remembering each different one)
(Draw it) fundamental idea is that each key lies a fifth above the preceding key or a fifth below.
Three kinds of minor scales
Natural, harmonic, melodic
Natural minor scale steps
W-H-W-W-H-W-W
Harmonics Minor Scale
RAises the 7th a half step so it is a leading tone.
Melodic minor scale
THe 6th and the 7th are raised a half step when ascending. When descending the 6th and 7th are lowered a whole step.
Relative Major and Minor Keys
These are major and minor keys with the same key signatures. The relative major key of a minor key lies three half steps above the onic of teh minor key.
Parallel major and parallel minor
Keys that share the same tonic, but not the same key signature.
Dyad
Pair of pitches
Contour
The direction of the interval, basically if we have an interval that is a major third is it an “ascending interval” or “descending interval”
Simple intervals vs compound intervals
Simple are intervals less then an octave, compound are intervals more then an octave.
Quality of interval
Whether an interval is perfect, major, minor, dismissed augmented
INverted interval
When you take the lower pitch of the two notes in an interval and move it up an octave. Can also work vice versa.
D major accidentals
F, C
A major scale accidentals
F, C, G
E Major accidentals
F, C, G, D
B major accidentals
F, C, G, D, A,
Ab major scale accidentals
B, E, A, D
Db major accidentals
B, E, A, D, G
Gb major
B E A D G C
Generic interval
Just the number between the interval, whether something is 2nd 3rd 4th 5th etc.
Specific interval
A combination of the generic interval and the quality of the interval.
Difference in scale degrees between major and natural minor
3, 6, and 7
