Chapter 19- The Great War Flashcards
Learn about World War 1 and the Peace Treaties
Who was Alfred Nobel and what did he do?
- wealthy Swedish chemist who established the Nobel Peace Prize in his will to recognize people whose accomplishments furthered the cause of peace
Who was Andrew Carnegie and what did he do?
American steel manufacturer who donated funds to build the Peace Palace @ the Hague (Netherlands govt seat) where international disputes could be settled through peaceful means
What is chauvinism?
Unbridled nationalism
What was Bismarck’s System?
The system of alliances created by Bismarck ( 1870 German Chancellor) to politically isolate France.
What is the Three Emperor’s League and when was it established?
the first alliance between Germany, Russia, and Austria-Hungary established by Bismarck in 1873.
fell apart when Russia and AH both wanted the Balkans .
What was the Triple Alliance and when was it established?
anti-French alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy established by Bismarck in 1882
What was the Reinsurance Treaty? When and why was it established?
Secret German-Russian alliance established in 1887 because Bismarck wanted Russia’s alliance but AH refused to cooperate
What is the Dual Alliance?
the alliance between Germany and AH in 1879 after Russia and AH refused to cooperate.
Bismarck chose AH bc he feared Russia’s growing power
1894 alliance between Russia and France after William II allowed the Reinsurance Treaty to expire
Who was William II and what did he do?
He became Germany’s Kaiser in July 1888.
He was young and proud and forced Bismarck to resign.
- allowed Reinsurance Treaty to expire (Russia later formed a Dual Alliance with France in 1894)
- began a shipbuilding program threatening the British Navy
- interfered with British affairs in Africa
What was the Entente Cordiale? When and why was it established?
1904 friendly understanding between Britain and France because Britain feared Germany
What was the Triple Entente?
1907 alliance between Britain, France, and Russia after Britain signed the Anglo-Russian Entente
Who was Archduke Francis Ferdinand?
Heir to the AH throne, assassinated on June 28, 1914 while visiting a Balkan province
What is an ultimatum?
A list of demands with threats
What does mobilizing mean in war?
make ready
Who were the Central Powers?
Germany and AH, later Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria as well
