Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy &phsyiology > Chapter 19 heart > Flashcards

Chapter 19 heart Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiovascular system consist of

A

Heart and Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Circulatory system consist of

A

Heart, blood vessels and the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Left side of heart is

A

Fully oxygenated blood arrive. From lungs via pulmonary veins.
Blood sent to all organs of the body via Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Right side of heart is

A

Lesser oxygenated blood arrives from inferior vena cava.

Blood sent to lungs via pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Three layers of the heart

A

Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Double wall sac that encloses the heart

A

Pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outer wall of sac doubled layered of: Superficial fibrous layer of connective tissue and Deep,thin serous layer

A

Parietal pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is arteriosclerosis

A

Coronary artery disease..hard complicated plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is atherosclerosis

A

Coronary artery disease…constrictuon of the coronary arteries disease….A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes atherosclerosis

A

an accumulation of lipid deposits that degrade the arterial wall and obstruct the lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs that stimulate the heart

A

Nicotine, thyroid hormone and caffeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

nicotine stimulates

A

catecholamine secrtion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

thyroid hormone increses

A

number of adrenergic receptors on heart so more responsive to sympathetic stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

caffeine inhibits what

A

cAMP breakdown prolonging adrenergic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Baroreceptors

A

signal cardiac center: Changes in BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What occurs in the cardiac center to the heart

A

BP decreases, signal rate drops,cardiac center increases HR

If BP increases, signal rate rises, cardiac center decreases HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Positive chronotropic agents

A

factors that raises HR

18
Q

Negative chronotropic agents

A

factors that lower HR

19
Q

What is Cardiac output (CO)

A

The amount ejected by ventricle in 1minute

20
Q

Cardiac Output=

A

HR times stroke volume

21
Q

What occurs @Pwave

A

SA node fires, atria depolarize and contract

22
Q

what occurs at QRS

A

Ventricular depolarization

23
Q

What occurs at ST segment

A

Ventricular systole

Plateau in myocardial action potential

24
Q

What occurs @Twave

A

Ventricular rpolarization and relaxation

25
Q

What is a cardiac cycle

A

one complete contraction and relaxation of all four chambers of the heart

26
Q

Atrial systole (contraction) occurs

A

while ventricles are in diastole(relaxation)

27
Q

Atrial diastole(relaxation) occurs

A

while ventricles in systole

28
Q

Quiescent period of cardiac cycle

A

when all four chambers relaxed at same time

29
Q

What happens when ventricles relax

A

Pressure drops, semilunar valves close as blood attempts to back up into the ventricles from the vessels, Av calces open, and blood flows from atria to ventricles

30
Q

What happens when ventricles contract

A

AV vavles close as blood attempts to back up into the atria, Pressure rises inside of the ventricles, and semilunar valves open and blood flows int great vessels

31
Q

Sympathetic nerves

A

raise HR

32
Q

Parasympathetic nerves

A

slows HR

33
Q

Sinus rhythm

A

normal heartbeat triggered by the SA node

set by SA node at 60 to 100bpm

34
Q

Ectopic focus

A

another part of heart fires before the SA node

35
Q

Arrhythmia

A

any abnormal cardiac rhythm

36
Q

Atrial flutter (Cardiac Arrhythmias)

A

ectopic foci in atria

-Atrial fibrillation

37
Q

What causes Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) (Cardiac Arrhythmias)

A

Stimulants, stress, or lack of sleep

38
Q

Ventricular fibrillation (Cardiac Arrhymias)

A

Serious arrhythmia caused by electrical signals reaching different regions at widely different times

39
Q

Valvular Insufficiency

A

any failure of a valve to prevent reflux, the backward flow of blood

40
Q

valvular stenosis

A

cusps are stiffened and opening is constricted by scar tissue
-result of rheumatic fever and heart murmur

41
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

insufficiency in which one or both mitral valve cusps bulge into atria during ventricular contraction
-may cause SOB/chest pain

Anatomy &phsyiology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions