Chapter 19: Early Latin America Flashcards
What group of people were expelled from Spain
Jews
What was the last Muslim kingdom?
Granada
Who conquest the Aztecs and helped establish New Spain in Mexico
Cortez
Who founded Florida in 1513
Ponce de Leon
Who searched the Great Plains
Corando
How far did Spain’s empire stretch in the Americas
Kansas to Chile
What were the reasons for Spanish success
Horses Swords Crossbows Disease Internal division among Indians
Why was Spanish conquest done
In the name of religion to convert Indians
What helped destroy Indian population and society
massive epidemics
What interrupted Indian lifestyle
Forced labor and taxes
What were rural estates that were run by the aristocracy
haciendas
What led to inflation in Spain and increased debt
flow of silver
Name for lawyers in Spain
letradas
who did the King of Spain use to issue laws and advise him
Council of Indies
Who influenced culture through art and architecture and intellectual life through writing and schools
the Catholic Church
What was the social hierarchy called in Latin America
socidad de costas
Who was at the top in Latin America
whites
Who was at the bottom in Latin America
Black slaves and Indians
Who was in the middle in Latin America
mixed races
What were people born in Europe called in Latin America
peninsulars
What were people called that were born in Latin America but were descended from Europeans
creoles
What were mixed Europeans and Latin Americans called in Latin America
mestizos
What did Spain strengthen in their colonies
military
What hurt economies in Spanish America
abundance of European goods
What helped to reinvigorate Spanish economies
Bourbon reforms
Who discovered Brazil
Pedro Alvares Cabral
