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Exam 2 Pharmacology > Chapter 19 Adrenergic blocking drugs > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Adrenergic blocking drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What do Adrenergic blockers bind to?

A

Adrenergic receptors

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2
Q

What results do you get from an adrenergic blocker binding to an adrenergic receptor?

A

Blocks or inhibits stimulation of the SNS

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3
Q

What specific type(s) of receptors do adrenergic blockers bind to?

A

Alpha and Beta

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4
Q

How do Adrenergic blockers get classified?

A

by the type of adrenergic receptor they block, alpha 1 and 2 receptors or beta 1 and 2 receptors

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5
Q

Adrenergic blockers have the opposite effect of __________ _____

A

Adrenergic drugs

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6
Q

How do Adrenergic blockers work?

A

Inhibit or Lyse sympathetic stimulation

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7
Q

What are Adrenergic blockers also know as?

A

Adrenergic antagonists Sympatholytics alpha-blockers beta-blockers alpha-beta blockers

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8
Q

Adrenergic blockers’ drug effects cause both arterial and venous dilation, what pathophysiological results come from that?

A

Reduces peripheral vascular resistance Reduces B.P. (blood pressure)

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9
Q

What effect do alpha-adrenergic blockers have on the receptors on the prostate gland and bladder?

A

they decrease resistance to urinary outflow, thus reducing urinary obstruction and relieving effects of BPH (enlarged prostate)

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10
Q

Alpha blockers are prodominantly used to treat hypertension. true or false?

A

true

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11
Q

What type of blockers are used to control and prevent hypertension in patients with pheochromocytoma?

A

Alpha Blockers

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12
Q

Alpha blockers cause both ______ and ________ dilation

A

venous and arterial (vasodilation)

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13
Q

What is Phentolamine and what does it do

A

It is a very powerful alpha blocker it restores bloodflow and prevents tissue necrosis

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14
Q

List some of the Alpha blockers adverse effects on the Cardiovascular system

A

palpitations orthostatic hypotension tachycardia edema dysrhythmias chest pain

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15
Q

Alpha blockers predominant response is ____________

A

vasodilation

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16
Q

List some of the Alpha blockers adverse effects on the CNS

A

*dizziness * depression *fatigue *headache *vertigo *drowsiness *weakness *anxiety *numbness

17
Q

List some of the Alpha blockers adverse effects on the GI (gastrointestinal) tract

A

*nausea *vomiting *diarrhea *constipation *abdominal pain

18
Q

What are some other adverse effects of Alpha blockers on areas of the body not associated with the systems listed (cardio v, CNS, GI)?

A

*incontinence *nosebleed *tinnitus *dry mouth *pharyngitis *rhinitis

19
Q

List two common alpha blockers

A

* phentolamine (Regitine) * tamsulosin (Flomax)

20
Q

What do Beta Blockers block stimulation of?

A

Beta receptors in the SNS

21
Q

Which Catecholamines (NT) do Beta blockers compete with?

A

Epi and NE

22
Q

Beta blockers can be both selective and nonselective. What do nonselective Beta blockers block? (both…..)

A

both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors

23
Q

Beta1 receptors are located primarily where?

A

on the heart

24
Q

what is the specific name given to beta blockers that are selective for beta1 receptors?

A

cardioselective beta-blockers

25
Q

Beta2 receptors are located primarily on what?

A

smooth muscle of bronchioles and blood vessels

26
Q

What is the mechanism for action for cardioselective beta-blockers (beta1 )?

A
  • reduce SNS stimulation of the heart
  • decrease HR
  • Prolong SA node recovery
  • slow conduction rate of impulses through the AV node
  • decrease myocardial contractility, thus reducing myocardial oxygen demand
27
Q

Nonselective beta-blockers (beta1 and beta2)

cause the same effects on the heart as the cardioselective beta-blockers.

true or false?

A

true

28
Q

Nonselective Beta-blockers _________ bronchioles, resulting in narrowing of airways and shortness of breath

A

constrict

29
Q

Nonselective beta-blockers produce ________________ of blood vessels

(effect on beta1 and beta2 )

A

vasoconstriction

30
Q

What are some of the Indications for use of a beta-blocker?

A
  • Angina
  • Cardio protective

(inhibits stimulation from circulating catecholamines)

  • dysrhythmias
  • migraine headache
  • anti-hypertensive
  • heart failure
  • glaucoma

Exam 2 Pharmacology (5 decks)

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