Chapter 19 Adrenergic blocking drugs

Question 1

What do Adrenergic blockers bind to?

Answer 1

Adrenergic receptors

Question 2

What results do you get from an adrenergic blocker binding to an adrenergic receptor?

Answer 2

Blocks or inhibits stimulation of the SNS

Question 3

What specific type(s) of receptors do adrenergic blockers bind to?

Answer 3

Alpha and Beta

Question 4

How do Adrenergic blockers get classified?

Answer 4

by the type of adrenergic receptor they block, alpha 1 and 2 receptors or beta 1 and 2 receptors

Question 5

Adrenergic blockers have the opposite effect of __________ _____

Answer 5

Adrenergic drugs

Question 6

How do Adrenergic blockers work?

Answer 6

Inhibit or Lyse sympathetic stimulation

Question 7

What are Adrenergic blockers also know as?

Answer 7

Adrenergic antagonists Sympatholytics alpha-blockers beta-blockers alpha-beta blockers

Question 8

Adrenergic blockers’ drug effects cause both arterial and venous dilation, what pathophysiological results come from that?

Answer 8

Reduces peripheral vascular resistance Reduces B.P. (blood pressure)

Question 9

What effect do alpha-adrenergic blockers have on the receptors on the prostate gland and bladder?

Answer 9

they decrease resistance to urinary outflow, thus reducing urinary obstruction and relieving effects of BPH (enlarged prostate)

Question 10

Alpha blockers are prodominantly used to treat hypertension. true or false?

Answer 10

true

Question 11

What type of blockers are used to control and prevent hypertension in patients with pheochromocytoma?

Answer 11

Alpha Blockers

Question 12

Alpha blockers cause both ______ and ________ dilation

Answer 12

venous and arterial (vasodilation)

Question 13

What is Phentolamine and what does it do

Answer 13

It is a very powerful alpha blocker it restores bloodflow and prevents tissue necrosis

Question 14

List some of the Alpha blockers adverse effects on the Cardiovascular system

Answer 14

palpitations orthostatic hypotension tachycardia edema dysrhythmias chest pain

Question 15

Alpha blockers predominant response is ____________

Answer 15

vasodilation

Question 16

List some of the Alpha blockers adverse effects on the CNS

Answer 16

*dizziness * depression *fatigue *headache *vertigo *drowsiness *weakness *anxiety *numbness

Question 17

List some of the Alpha blockers adverse effects on the GI (gastrointestinal) tract

Answer 17

*nausea *vomiting *diarrhea *constipation *abdominal pain

Question 18

What are some other adverse effects of Alpha blockers on areas of the body not associated with the systems listed (cardio v, CNS, GI)?

Answer 18

*incontinence *nosebleed *tinnitus *dry mouth *pharyngitis *rhinitis

Question 19

List two common alpha blockers

Answer 19

* phentolamine (Regitine) * tamsulosin (Flomax)

Question 20

What do Beta Blockers block stimulation of?

Answer 20

Beta receptors in the SNS

Question 21

Which Catecholamines (NT) do Beta blockers compete with?

Answer 21

Epi and NE

Question 22

Beta blockers can be both selective and nonselective. What do nonselective Beta blockers block? (both…..)

Answer 22

both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors

Question 23

Beta₁ receptors are located primarily where?

Answer 23

on the heart

Question 24

what is the specific name given to beta blockers that are selective for beta₁ receptors?

Answer 24

cardioselective beta-blockers

Question 25

Beta₂ receptors are located primarily on what?

Answer 25

smooth muscle of bronchioles and blood vessels

Question 26

What is the mechanism for action for cardioselective beta-blockers (beta₁ )?

Answer 26

* reduce SNS stimulation of the heart * decrease HR * Prolong SA node recovery * slow conduction rate of impulses through the AV node * decrease myocardial contractility, thus reducing myocardial oxygen demand

Question 27

Nonselective beta-blockers (beta₁ and beta₂) cause the same effects on the heart as the cardioselective beta-blockers. true or false?

Answer 27

true

Question 28

Nonselective Beta-blockers _________ bronchioles, resulting in narrowing of airways and shortness of breath

Answer 28

constrict

Question 29

Nonselective beta-blockers produce ________________ of blood vessels (effect on beta₁ and beta₂ )

Answer 29

vasoconstriction

Question 30

What are some of the Indications for use of a beta-blocker?

Answer 30

* Angina * Cardio protective (inhibits stimulation from circulating catecholamines) * dysrhythmias * migraine headache * anti-hypertensive * heart failure * glaucoma