Chapter 19

Question 1

what is the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment

Answer 1

ecology

Question 2

what are the three functions of an ecologist

Answer 2

study, predict, recommend

Question 3

fish in a bowl of water, forest, and a pond are all examples of what

Answer 3

ecosystem

Question 4

summarize the water cycle

Answer 4

evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, percolation, runoff

Question 5

moving of water from the earth to the atmosphere is called what

Answer 5

evaporation

Question 6

what is the group of organisms of the same kind within a community called

Answer 6

population

Question 7

a walking stick is camouflaged to look like a stick; this is an example of what

Answer 7

protective colorization

Question 8

black and white stripes of a skunk would be an example of what

Answer 8

warning colorization

Question 9

coloring or marking that enables certain animals to blend with their environment is called

Answer 9

protective camouflage

Question 10

organisms that feed exclusively on plants are called

Answer 10

herbivores

Question 11

an animal that preys on herbivores is what within the food chain

Answer 11

first level carnivore

Question 12

give several examples of food chains placing them in the correct order

Answer 12

grass, deer, wolf

Question 13

the loss of energy between two levels of the food chain is about what percentage

Answer 13

85%

Question 14

transfer of the sun’s energy through many organisms is called a food _____

Answer 14

chain

Question 15

name several organisms that would be part of the detritus food chain

Answer 15

crayfish, bacterium, fungi, insects

Question 16

ecological pyramid that always has a regular shape is based on what factors

Answer 16

energy

Question 17

the relationship between the cow and the rumen bacteria which supply enzymes necessary for the digestion of cellulose

Answer 17

mutualism

Question 18

relationship between a hyena and the lion is

Answer 18

commensalism

Question 19

tapeworm in the intestines of a dog is an example of

Answer 19

parasite

Question 20

when two different organisms benefit from living together,their relationship is called

Answer 20

mutalism

Question 21

shark and the remora would be an example of what

Answer 21

mutalism

Question 22

symbiosis refers to what kinds of relationship

Answer 22

paratism and commensalism

Question 23

place in which an animal lives is called what

Answer 23

habitat

Question 24

thin layer where life mists on earth is called the

Answer 24

biosphere

Question 25

two main processes in the oxygen cycle are

Answer 25

respiration and photosynthesis

Question 26

the “occupation” of an organism is its

Answer 26

niche

Question 27

processes whereby atmospheric nitrogen is made useful to organisms are part of

Answer 27

long nitrogen

Question 28

process by which bacteria can change atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen-containing compounds is called

Answer 28

nitrogen fixation

Question 29

nodes on the roots of legumes are important in what aspect of the nitrogen cycle

Answer 29

nitrogen fixation

Question 30

what is the purpose of a matter cycle

Answer 30

to recycle matter

Question 31

essential materials for growth and reproduction are examples of what

Answer 31

limiting factors

Question 32

what would a large area supporting similar biotic communities be called

Answer 32

biome

Question 33

an organism that is active during the day is called

Answer 33

diurnal

Question 34

an organism that synchronizes its activities with the moon follows which rhythms

Answer 34

lunar

Question 35

change of a pond to a forest is called what

Answer 35

succession

Question 36

which organisms are characteristic of pioneer succession

Answer 36

few species with large populations, organisms with short life spans, organisms with high metabolic rate

Question 37

after an avalanche destroyed a section of a mountain, new plants and animals began to grow in the area. This appears to be an example of what

Answer 37

succession

Question 38

what characterizes the climax stage in succession

Answer 38

many species, smaller populations, lower metabolic rate, larger organisms

Question 39

what are the final dominant forms of life in a natural succession called

Answer 39

climax

Question 40

tribe of american Indians who plant corn for food would be an example of man being/doing what

Answer 40

manager

Question 41

man’s God-ordained niche in the biosphere is that of what

Answer 41

consumer and manager

Question 42

give examples of a non biodegradable pollutants

Answer 42

glass, metals, DDT, insecticides, industrial wastes

Question 43

the process that concetrates a pollutant into large doses as the substance is passed along in the food chain is called

Answer 43

biological magnification