Chapter 19

Question 1

ozone

Answer 1

a gas molecule that is made up of three oxygen atoms

Question 2

atmospheric pressure

Answer 2

the force per unit area that is exerted on a surface by the weight of the atmosphere

Question 3

troposphere

Answer 3

the lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature drops at a constant rate as altitude increases; the part of the atmosphere where weather conditions exist

Question 4

stratosphere

Answer 4

the layer of the atmosphere that lies between the troposphere and the mesosphere and in which temperature increases as altitude increases;
contains the ozone layer

Question 5

mesosphere

Answer 5

the coldest layer of the atmosphere, between the stratosphere and the thermosphere, in which temperature decreases as altitude increases

Question 6

thermosphere

Answer 6

the uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases; includes the ionosphere

Question 7

Coriolis effect

Answer 7

the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s rotation

Question 8

trade winds

Answer 8

prevailing winds that blow from east to west from 30° latitude to the equator in both hemispheres

Question 9

westerlies

Answer 9

prevailing winds that blow from west to east between 30° and 60° latitude in both hemispheres

Question 10

polar easterlies

Answer 10

prevailing winds that blow from east to west between 60° and 90° latitude in both hemispheres

Question 11

jet stream

Answer 11

a narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere

Question 12

atmosphere

Answer 12

a mixture of gases that surrounds a planet, moon, or other celestial body