Chapter 19 Flashcards
Which of these statements about viruses is false?
Viruses can reproduce outside of the host cell
Prions are involved in all of these diseases EXCEPT:
HIV
What is a virus?
Infectious particle
What process causes the death of the cell?
Lytic cycle
Many antibiotics target what?
Peptidoglycan
What is conjugation?
DNA transfer between two prokaryotic cells
Which shape is streptococcus?
Cocci
Peptidoglycan is targeted by antibiotics to damage bacteria cell walls, which gram stain will the antibiotics target and attack?
Gram-positive
Who is not apart of the protistan diversity?
Bacteria
What Excavator in the provision diversity consist of surface proteins that change after each generation?
Trypanosomes
Human cells lack which of the following?
Peptidoglycan
Prokaryotes may have smaller rings of independently replicating DNA called
Plasmids
The viral DNA that is integrated into the host genomes is called a
Provirus
Diplomonads have reduced mitochondria called
Mitosomes
Parabasalids have reduced mitchondria called
Hydrogensomes
Why are there high levels of genetic diversity observed in prokaryotic populations
Mutation, rapid reproduction, genetic recombination
What is a disease causing microbe (micro organisms)
Pathogen
Why are trypansomes unique?
They have a single cell-surface protein that changes from one generation to the next
Diplomonds have a reduced
Mitochondria
What is true of prokaryotes?
First organisms to inhabit Earth, mostly unicellular, smaller than eukaryotic cells
Autotrophs
Require CO2 or related compounds such as a carbon source
What is not true of viruses?
They can reproduce or carry out metabolism outside of a host cell
Which cycle replicates the phage genome without destroying the host
Lysogenic cycle
What is the kind of protist that combine photosynthesis and hetertrophic nutrition?
Mixotrophs
Protist is an informal team used to refer to all eukaryotes that are not
Plants, animals, fungi
What clade does giardia intestinalis fall under and what does it cause?
Diplomonads; intestinal infections
Which three major groups of protists have recently been discovered and are considered unresolved groups?
Haptophytes, cryptophytes, hemimastigophores
Name the component clades for the acronym TACK
Thaumarchaetoa, Aigarchaeto, Crenarchaetoa, korarchaeota
It is known that scientists use the gram stain to classify bacteria by cell wall composition, choose the answer which best lists the types of bacteria as well as their characteristics
Gram-positive: bacteria with simpler walls and large amounts of Peptidoglycan, gram-negative: more complex bacteria with less Peptidoglycan and an outer membrane containing lipopolyssacharides
Which answer best fits the description of a virus?
An infectious particle consisting of genes packed in a protein coat which cannot reproduce/ carry out metabolism outside of a host cell
What is the name of the phage which uses both the lytic and lysogenic cycles? What occasional occurrence initializes the lytic cycle?
Temperature phage; a prophage exits the bacterial chromosome
What does archea not lack?
RNA polymerase
Which of the following utilizes organic compound as an energy source
Chemoautotrophs
Which statement is true about phages?
The host cell dies in the lytic cycle
Viruses are
Living organisms, covered by a protein coat
