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Psych > Chapter 18 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychological Disorder

A

a behavior pattern or mental process that causes serious personal suffering or interferes with a person’s ability to cope with everyday life

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2
Q

Depression

A

a psychological disorder characterized by extreme sadness, an inability to concentrate, and feeling of helplessness and great sadness

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3
Q

Mania

A

a mood characterized by extreme excitement, elation, hyperactivity, and chaotic behavior

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4
Q

Somatization

A

the expression of psychological distress through physical symptoms; it comes from the Greek word for “body”

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5
Q

Phobia

A

an excessive, irrational fear out of proportion to the actual danger

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6
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

disorders in which person’s mood changes from depression to wild elation and back again

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7
Q

Dissociation

A

the separation of certain personality components or mental processes from conscious thought

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8
Q

Personality Disorders`

A

a pattern of inflexible traits that disrupts social life or work and causes distress

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9
Q

A person in the manic phase of bipolar disorder may have what symptoms?

A
  • persistently/abnormally elevated
  • inflated self-esteem; racing thoughts, difficulty concentrating, etc.
  • can quickly lead to the depression phase
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10
Q

What is a general state of dread or uneasiness called?

A

Anxiety

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11
Q

What are repetitive ritual behaviors often involving checking or cleaning called?

A

Compulsions

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12
Q

What is behavior that impairs an individual’s ability to function adequately in everyday life called?

A

Maladaptivity

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13
Q

Psychologists determine whether a person has a psychological disorder based on whether his or her behavior is what?

A

Normal - What the average is for the majority of people
Abnormality - Deviation from the majority

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14
Q

What is the name of the most widely used classification scheme for psychological disorders?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V)

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15
Q

On what basis were psychological disorders classified before 1980?

A

Psychological disorders were previously organized based on their presumed causes

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16
Q

The short-term anxiety disorder that occurs almost immediately after a traumatic event is called what?

A

Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)

17
Q

A person is diagnosed with major depression when he or she has what symptoms?

A
  • must have at least 5 for about 2 weeks to be diagnosed:
    *1.) persistent depressed mood for most of the day
    *2.) loss of interest/pleasure in all/almost all activities
    3.) significant weight loss/gain due to changing appetite
    4.) sleeping more/less than usual
    5.) speeding up/slowing down of physical/emotional reactions
    6.) fatigue/loss of energy
    7.) feelings of worthlessness/unfounded guilt
    8.) reduced ability to concentrate/make decisions
    9.) recurrent thoughts of death/suicide
18
Q

What was bipolar depression once called?

A

Manic Depression

19
Q

A person with dissociative identity disorder has what symptoms?

A
  • Becomes a disorder when people “avoid” stressful events or feelings
  • May lose memory of an event or even forget who they are
  • They are able to remove themselves from the source of stress
20
Q

According to psychoanalytic theory, people dissociate in order to do what?

A

people dissociate to repress unacceptable urges

21
Q

Conversion disorders involve a change in a person’s_____.

A

Physical functioning in a major part of the body

22
Q

What kind of disorder is hypochondriasis?

A

Somatoform Disorder

23
Q

What is the usual cause of dissociative disorder? `

A

Chronic Trauma

24
Q

In most cases, what type of hallucinations do people with schizophrenia have?

A

Catatonic Stupor

25
Q

What are people with disorganized schizophrenia likely to experience?

A
  • incoherent in thought and speech and disorganized in their behavior
  • emotionless or inappropriate emotions
  • neglect appearance and hygiene
26
Q

A person with catatonic schizophrenia is most affected by what?

A

Movement, Wavy flexibility

27
Q

People who have ordered and systematic delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations relating to a single theme suffer from what?

A

Paranoid Schizophrenia

28
Q

At what age does schizophrenia usually appear?

A

Men - Late teens to early 20s
Women - late 20s to early 30s

29
Q

What characterizes people with personality disorders?

A

Enduring traits that are major components of the individual’s personality

30
Q

What do people who are loners and have no interest in relationships with other people likely to suffer from?

A

Schizoid Personality Disorder

31
Q

Learning theorists suggest that antisocial personality disorders can be caused when children do what?

A

lie, steal, hurt people/animals

32
Q

People with paranoid personality disorder tend to be difficult to get along with and do what?

A

perceives other people’s behavior as threatening

33
Q

What keeps people with avoidant personality disorder from having relationships with others?

A

wants relationships, but are stopped by tremendous fear of others’
disapproval

34
Q

A person with a bipolar disorder experiences alternating periods of what symptoms?

A

dramatic ups and downs

35
Q

When a person feels very anxious and cannot stop thinking about something even though it is unpleasant, he or she suffers from what disorder?

A

OCD

36
Q

Cognitive theorists’ views on depression.

A

?

37
Q

Name and EXPLAIN 2 forms of schizophrenia.

A

Paranoid Schizophrenia
- delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations🡪 single theme
- may be distrustful of everyone, agitated, confused, and afraid

Catatonic Schizophrenia
- disturbance of movement; wavy flexibility
- may hold unusual, uncomfortable body positions for long period of time

38
Q

What is post-traumatic stress disorder? What group does it greatly affect?

A

persistent, intense feelings of anxiety that are caused by a traumatic
experience

Anxiety and Mood Disorders

Psych (1 decks)

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