chapter 18 cardiac emergency Flashcards
defibrillation
delivery of an electrical shock to stop the fibrillation of heart muscles and restore a normal heart rhythm
acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
any symptoms related to lack of oxygen in the heart muscle also called cardiac compromise
dyspnea
shortness of breath; labored or difficult breathing
coronary artery disease (CAD)
disease that affect the arteries of the heart
thrombus
clot formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of an artery or vein
occlusion
blockage an of an artery by fatty deposits
embolism
blockage of a vessel by a clot or forgein material brought to the site by the blood current
aneurysm
the dilation or ballooning of a weakened section of the wall of an artery
dysrhythmia
a disturbance in the heart reat and rhythm
angina pectoris
pain in the chest when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of the heart muscle is not getting enough O2
nitroglycerin
medication that dilates the blood vessels
congestive heart failure (CHF)
failure of the heart to pump efficiently do to fluid buildup in the lungs or other organs.
pedal edema
accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles
venticular fibrillation
hearts electrical impulses are disorganized preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally
pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
the hearts electrical rhythm remains relatively normal but the mechanical pumping activity fails to follow electrical activity.
asystole
the heart had ceased generating electrical impulses.
flatline
agonal breathing
irregular gasping breaths that precede apnea and death
what type of defibrillator will adjust the amount of energy used on the basis of impedance?
Biphasic AED
The key difference between angina and a myocardial infarction is that:
the pain of angina usually goes away with rest.
what refers to chest pain that occurs when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen?
angina
Your patient has a weakened section of the arterial wall that is ballooning. This is known as
aneurysm.
What is the dosage for aspirin given to treat acute coronary syndrome?
162 to 324 mg of chewable baby aspirin
One of the side effects of administering nitroglycerin to a cardiac patient could involve:
a drop in blood pressure.
A study into the effects of disease on blood composition would focus on:
red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
how would a patient descirbe the pain to heart problems
crushing, dull, heavy, or squeezing
dose for nitroglycerin
one. repeat every 5 minutes
