chapter 18 astronomy

Question 1

Light-year

Answer 1

the distance that light travels in one year, about 9,46 trillion kilometers

Question 2

Polaris star

Answer 2

Polaris is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Minor

Question 3

parallax

Answer 3

an apperant shift in the position of an object when viewed from different locations

Question 4

black hole

Answer 4

an object so massive and dense that even light cannot escape its gravity

Question 5

supernova

Answer 5

A supernova is a powerful and luminous stellar explosion

Question 6

main-sequence star

Answer 6

In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness

Question 7

white dwarf

Answer 7

A white dwarf is what stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel

Question 8

red giant

Answer 8

A red giant is a luminous giant star of low or intermediate mass

Question 9

Cassiopeia

Answer 9

Cassiopeia is a constellation in the northern sky named after the vain queen Cassiopeia, mother of Andromeda, in Greek mythology, who boasted about her unrivaled beauty

Question 10

canis major

Answer 10

Canis Major, (Latin: “Greater Dog”) constellation in the southern sky, at about 7 hours right ascension and 20° south in declination

Question 11

Orion

Answer 11

Orion is a prominent constellation located on the celestial equator and visible throughout the world

Question 12

Ursa major

Answer 12

Ursa Major is a constellation in the northern sky, whose associated mythology likely dates back into prehistory.

Question 13

Ursa Minor

Answer 13

Ursa Minor, (Latin: “Lesser Bear”) also called the Little Bear, in astronomy, is a constellation of the northern sky, at about 15 hours right ascension and 80° north declination, and seven of whose stars outline the Little Dipper.

Question 14

Edwin Hubble

Answer 14

Edwin Powell Hubble was an American astronomer. He played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology.

Question 15

newton Isaac

Answer 15

Sir Isaac Newton PRS was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author who is widely recognized as one of the greatest mathematicians, physicists, and most influential scientists of all time

Question 16

galileo

Answer 16

Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de’ Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist, and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath, from Pisa. Galileo has been called the “father of observational astronomy”, the “father of modern physics”, the “father of the scientific method”, and the “father of modern science”

Question 17

Johannes Kepler

Answer 17

Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and natural philosopher. He is a key figure in the 17th-century Scientific Revolution, best known for his laws of planetary motion, and his books Astronomia nova, Harmonice Mundi, and Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae

Question 18

Tycho Brahe

Answer 18

Tycho Brahe was a Danish astronomer, known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical observations. He was born in the then-Danish peninsula of Scania, which became part of Sweden the century afterward. Tycho was well known in his lifetime as an astronomer, astrologer, and alchemist.

Question 19

Copernicus

Answer 19

Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon, who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center.

Question 20

Ptolemy

Answer 20

Claudius Ptolemy was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, and astrologer who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science