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Chapter 18 Lecture > Chapter 18 and 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 and 19 Flashcards

0
Q

Articles that come in contact with the skin

A

Should be disinfected

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1
Q

Agents selected to kill microorganisms depend on

A

The intended use of the article

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2
Q

A process that removes organic material and reduces the number of microorganisms to a safe level

A

Sanitization

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3
Q

An agent used to destroy pathogenic microorganisms

A

Disinfectant

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4
Q

A hard thick walled capsule that some bacteria form by losing moisture and condensing their contents to contain only essential parts of the protoplasm of the cell

A

Spore

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5
Q

The process of destroying all forms on microbial life including spores

A

Sterilization

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6
Q

Free from all microorganisms and spores

A

Sterile

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7
Q

Any chemical that poses a threat to the health and safety of an individual that comes into contact with it

A

Hazardous Chemical

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8
Q

HCS

A

Hazard communication standards

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9
Q

Objective guideposts that provide information about a persons state of health

A

Vital signs

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10
Q

Temperature is regulated by the

A

Hypothalamus

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11
Q

Moisture evaporation

A

Perspiration

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12
Q

Moisture droplets from the lungs

A

Respiration

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13
Q

Heat transfer from one object to another

A

Conduction

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14
Q

Heat transfer in waves. Occurs continually

A

Radiation

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15
Q

Heat transfer through air currents

A

Convection

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16
Q

Normal temperature

A

97-99

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17
Q

Low grade fever

A

Between 99-100.4

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18
Q

Fever or pyrexia

A

Above 100.4

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19
Q

Hyper pyrexia

A

Above 105.8

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20
Q

Hypothermia

A

Below 97

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21
Q

Elevation often is the first sign of infection/illness

A

Children

Temperature

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22
Q

Elevation can be only 1-2 degrees above normal with sever infection

A

Elderly

Temperature

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23
Q

Four sites for temperature

A

Oral
Axillary
Rectal
Tympanic

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24
Q

The vibrations from the aorta through the arterial walls

Used for a baseline and assessment of heart function

A

Pulse

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25
Q

10 pulse sites

A
  • temporal
  • carotid
  • brachial
  • ulnar
  • apical
  • radial
  • femoral
  • popliteal
  • posterior tibial
  • dorsalis pedis
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26
Q

Number of pulsations occur in 1 minute varies with age, gender, activity, emotional state, metabolism, and meds

A

Pulse rate

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27
Q

Greater than 100bpm

A

Tachycardia

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28
Q

Less than. 60 bpm

A

Bradycardia

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29
Q

Strength of the heart beat

A

Pulse volume

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30
Q

Weak and difficult to palpate

A

Thready

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31
Q

Very strong and full

A

Bounding

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32
Q

Provides exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the blood

A

Respirations

33
Q

Two phases of Respirations

A

Inhalation

Exhalation

34
Q

One complete respiration is

A

Inhalation and exhalation

35
Q

Involuntary control is from the medulla oblongata

A co2 buildup will trigger Respirations to occur

A

Respirations

36
Q

Two types of Respirations

A

Internal- the exchange of o2 and co2 between the cells and blood at cellular level
External- the exchange of o2 and co2 between the alveolus and lungs

37
Q

Respirations normal rate

A

12-20

38
Q

Normal rate, rhythm is even and regular, depth is normal

A

Eupnea

39
Q

Respiration rate greater than 20 pm

A

Tachypnea

40
Q

Respiration rate slower than 12 pm

A

Bradypnea

41
Q

Deep, rapid, labored Respirations

A

Hyperpnea

42
Q

Decreased rate and depth

A

Hypopnea

43
Q

Abnormally fast and deep breathing (anxiety)

A

Hyperventilation

44
Q

Temporary absence of Respiration

A

Apnea

45
Q

SOB. Shortness of breath or difficultly breathing

A

Dyspnea

46
Q

Bluish discoloration of skin, lips, nail beds, mucous membranes

A

Cyanosis

47
Q

State in which breathing is easier when sitting or standing

A

Orthopnea

48
Q

Air moving through airways that contain fluid; intermittent vary in pitch

A

Crackles/rales

49
Q

Thick secretions, rumors, or spasms that partially obstruct flow through upper airways
Deep low pitch rumbling freq. on expiration

A

Rhonchi

50
Q

Severely narrowed airways;whistling and musical during inspiration/expiration

A

Wheezes

51
Q

The force exerted by the blood pulsing through the arterial walls

A

Blood pressure

52
Q

Phase in the cardiac cycle that occurs during ventricular contraction as the blood is pushed from the heart to the aorta.

Is the highest point of blood pressure in the body.

Numerator

A

Systole

53
Q

Phase in the cardiac cycle when the heart is relaxed between contractions.

Lower number because the heart is relaxed
Recorded as denominator.

A

Diastole

54
Q

Blood pressure is measured in

A

Mm. Hg

Millimeters of mercury

55
Q

Several readings at different occasions

A

Baseline

56
Q

Less than____________ considered normal for blood pressure

A

120/80

57
Q

____________ begins with lower readings

A

Cardiac disease

58
Q

Most common cause of an abnormal reading.

Results from excessive pressure on arterial wall

A

Hypertension

59
Q

Reduced pressure on arterial walls

Reading of __________ is the determining factor

A

Hypotension

96/60

60
Q

Difference between SBP and DBP
______ within normal range
Low May be ________ or _________
High May be a sign of ___________

A

Pulse pressure
30-50
CHF or shock
Atherosclerosis

61
Q

Factors that affect blood pressure

A 
Age
Gender
Diurnal variations
Emotions
Exercise
62
Q

Dial gauge, needle points to the numbers, calibrated yearly

A

Aneroid

63
Q

Read at top of meniscus

A

Mercury

64
Q

Used to measure oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (hgb) in arterial blood

A

Pulse oximetry

65
Q

Complete compound found in red blood cells

Transport oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

66
Q

Bright red hemoglobin =

A

High oxygen content

Oxygen rich

67
Q

Dark red hemoglobin

A

Low in oxygen

Oxygen poor

68
Q

Sp02

A

Saturation of peripheral oxygen

69
Q

Sao2

A

Saturation of arterial oxygen

70
Q

Represents percentage of hgb saturated with oxygen

A

Pulse oximetry reading

71
Q

Oxygen saturation of healthy individuals is

A

95-99%

72
Q

Air is only ________ saturated with oxygen

A

21%

73
Q

Oxygen saturation below 95%

A

COPD

74
Q

Oxygen saturation below 85-90%

A

Respiratory failure resulting in tissue damage

75
Q

Oxygen below 75%

A

Cyanosis

76
Q

Oxygen saturation below 70%

A

Life threatening

77
Q

Decrease in the oxygen saturation of the blood

A

HypoxemiA

78
Q

A reduction in the oxygen supply to tissues

A

Hypoxia

79
Q

Where can you put the pulse ox probes?

A

Fingertip
Ear
Toe

Chapter 18 Lecture (1 decks)

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