Chapter 18 A Flashcards
We have the tendency to give causal explanations for someone’s behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition.
Attribution Theory
Scientifically studies how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
Social Psychology
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the compact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition.
Fundamental Attribution Error
A belief and feeling that predisposes a person to respond in a particular way to objects, other people, and events.
Attitudes
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.
Foot-in-the-door-phenomenon
A toxic situation triggered degrading behaviors among those assigned to the guard role, while the prisoners broke down mentally.
Phillip Zimbardo-Stanford Prison Experiment
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort(dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts(cognitions) are inconsistent.
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Adjusting ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Conformity
An experiment conducted by Solomon Asch consisting of a set of simple questions with clear-cut answers.
The Asch Conformity Experiment
Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative Social Influence
Influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality.
Information Social Influence
Undertook social psychology’s most famous and controversial experiment.
Stanley Milgrams Obedience Experiment
Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
Social Facilitation
The tendency for people in a group to expert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal that when individually accountable.
Social Loafing
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.
Deindividuation
The enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.
Group Polarization
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
Groupthink
An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
Prejudice
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members
Discrimination
