Chapter 18

Question 1

All federal courts beneath the supreme court

Answer 1

Inferior Courts

Question 2

The right of a court to hear a case

Answer 2

Jurisdiction

Question 3

Power of the federal courts alone to hear certain cases.

Answer 3

Exclusive Jurisdiction

Question 4

Power shared by federal and State courts to hear certain cases.

Answer 4

Concurrent Jurisdiction

Question 5

In civil law, the party who brings the suit or some other legal action against another (defendant) in court.

Answer 5

Plaintiff

Question 6

In a civil suit the person against whom a court action is brought by the plaintiff; in a criminal case, the person charged with the crime.

Answer 6

Defendant

Question 7

The power of a court to hear a case first, before any other court.

Answer 7

Original Jurisdiction

Question 8

The authority of a court to review decisions of inferior (lower) courts.

Answer 8

Appellate Jurisdiction

Question 9

A case in which a defendant is tried for committing a crime as defined by the law.

Answer 9

Criminal Case

Question 10

A case involving a noncriminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim pf patent infringement.

Answer 10

Civil Case

Question 11

A court’s list of cases to be heard.

Answer 11

Docket

Question 12

An order by a higher court directing a lower court to send up the record given case for review.

Answer 12

Writ of Certiorari

Question 13

A method of putting a case before the Supreme Court.

Answer 13

Certificate

Question 14

Officially called the Opinion of Courts; announces the Courts decision in a case and sets out the reasoning upon which it is based.

Answer 14

Majority Opinion

Question 15

Court decision that stands as an example to be followed in future, similar cases.

Answer 15

Precedent

Question 16

Written explanation of the views of one or more judges who support a decision reached by a majority of the court, but wish to add or emphasize a point that was not made in the majority decision.

Answer 16

Concurring Opinion

Question 17

Written explanation of the views of one or more judges who disagree with (dissent form) a decision reached by majority of the courts.

Answer 17

Dissenting Opinion

Question 18

Satisfaction of a claim payment.

Answer 18

Redress

Question 19

A court composed of military personnel, for the trail of those accused of violating military law.

Answer 19

Court-Martial

Question 20

A court operating as part of the judicial branch, entirely separate from the military establishment.

Answer 20

Civilian Tribunal