Chapter 18 Flashcards
What is Reconstruction?
the task of rebuilding the Southern states and readmitting them to the union
Lincoln’s “10 Percent” Plan
Lincoln’s blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan, which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union. This would pardon most former Confederates, but this plan was never implemented because Lincoln was assassinated
Wade-Davis Bill
Wade-Davis Bill stated to rejoin Union, state must meet three requirements:
Majority of state’s white male adults have to pledge loyalty to Union, Only white males who did not fight against Union could vote for delegates, New state constitutions had to abolish slavery and disown secession
Freedman’s Bureau
an agency of the United States Department of War to give provisions, medical care, clothing, food, and temporary shelter for suffering refugees, poor Southerners especially freedmen and their family. it also Set up schools, staffed by Northern teachers and Helped people get their own land and find work for fair wages
13th Ammendment
The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
14th Ammendment
All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside…
(gave African American’s citizenship and guaranteed it could not be taken away) and also stated Every person entitled to “equal protection of the laws.”
15th Ammendment
prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen’s “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”.
Black Codes
laws passed by Democrat-controlled Southern states.
Laws were Designed to help control newly freed African Americans and preserve slavery, like slave codes.
Civil Rights Act of 1866
was passed by Congress over the veto of President Andrew Johnson.
it gave Federal government the right to get involved in state affairs to protect African Americans and Granted citizenship to African Americans.
countered by: Supreme Court case of Dred Scott v. Sandford
Scalawags
a name given by former Confederates to Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction of the South.
Carpetbaggers
a carpetbagger was a Northerner who moved to the South after the American Civil War during the Reconstruction era.
KKK
Ku Klux Klan is a southern U.S. terrorist group, that focuses on white supremacy and terrorizes other groups of races.
Sharecropping
a tenant farmer who gives a part of each crop as rent.
Poll Tax
A tax required as a qualification for voting.
Literacy Test
test that determines the qualification of a voter based on ability to read and write and sometimes the ability understand the Constitution. Initially, the test was
a way southerners found out how to get around the 15th amendment