Chapter 18

Question 1

Americanization

Answer 1

Process of immigrants riding themselves of all messages of their old cultures and embracing American culture

Question 2

Nativism

Answer 2

Hostility of American born citizens to immigrants, the act of blaming these immigrants for disorder and corruption of the urban world

Question 3

Columbian exposition

Answer 3

The celebration a year late of the 400th anniversary of Columbus is first voyage to America

Question 4

Alice Hamilton

Answer 4

Early environmentalist, A physician who brought work place pollution to the publics attention and help get the government more involved with environmental protection

Question 5

Tenements

Answer 5

Referred to as slum dwellings these were often dirty crowded and poorly constructed housing units

Question 6

Jacob Riis

Answer 6

Danish immigrant newspaper reporter and photographer in the US he shot many people in the middle class who wrote the book titled how the other half lives made me photo showing how bad it was

Question 7

Urban machine

Answer 7

Grew out of the vacuum that was created by the rapid growth of cities and the failure of government to respond lead by urban bosses that use power of immigrants vote to control the city

Question 8

Simon Patton

Answer 8

Economist, got a new view of leisure the normal life of civilian was abundant not scares and the goal of society should be abundant of pleasure

Question 9

Vandeville

Answer 9

Most popular form of entertainment in the cities in the first decade of the 20th century included musical acts comedy acts remained popular till radios in movies made it disappear

Question 10

D. W. Griffith

Answer 10

Influential filmmaker who carried the motion picture to a new era by introducing serious plots and elaborate productions like the birth of nations

Question 11

Yellow journalism

Answer 11

A type of reporting in newspapers that reported ideas in bold graphic design to reach massive audience

Question 12

Social realism

Answer 12

Impulse of the turn of the century writers to re-create urban reality writer showed the gritty realistic images of the modern city that were shocking to middle-class people

Question 13

Upton Sinclair

Answer 13

Was a social realism writer wrote the jungle designed it to reveal the bad capitalism specifically in the meat packing industry it helped produce legislation to deal with it

Question 14

Ashcan school

Answer 14

Early 20th century artistic movement that a banded traditional academic style to explore the grim aspects of modern life

Question 15

Land grant institutions

Answer 15

Colleges billed under the Congressional act that gave state federal land to build colleges

Question 16

What groups of people were most likely to move to the cities of the late 19th century America? What motivated them to move?

Answer 16

Americans from rule areas motivated by convenience and entertainment

Women for greater freedom

Gays and lesbians for chance to build culture

Southern blacks to get away from oppression

Immigrants for a better paying jobs

Question 17

What problems did urban life provide in the 19th century? What were the responses to these problems?

Answer 17

Fires response was to build fire proof building and fire departments

Environmental degragation response to build sewers government created to help with pollution

Poverty response Salvation Army to help

High crime response better trained police and National Guard

Question 18

What factors led to a rise in mass consumption in the last decade of the 19th century?

Answer 18

New merchandising techniques

Changes in marketing

Mail order catalogs

Department stores

New transportation

Question 19

How did the new economy of the late 19th century affect the lives of women?

Answer 19

New employment opportunities

Active role in public life

Clothing styles and shopping

New food and the way they cook

Sales clerks and waitress jobs

Question 20

What is Darwinism and what impact did it have on American life in the 19th and early 20th century?

Answer 20

Darwinism is that human species had evolved from early life forms called natural selection it impacted the 19th century by the urban and professional classes excepting his idea while people in rule areas did not, this led to a divide between the new cosmopolitan culture in the city and the more traditional and prevention culture located in rule areas, it created a split between liberal protestant’s and protestant fundamentalism, created pragmatism and anthropology