Chapter 18 Flashcards
Americanization
Process of immigrants riding themselves of all messages of their old cultures and embracing American culture
Nativism
Hostility of American born citizens to immigrants, the act of blaming these immigrants for disorder and corruption of the urban world
Columbian exposition
The celebration a year late of the 400th anniversary of Columbus is first voyage to America
Alice Hamilton
Early environmentalist, A physician who brought work place pollution to the publics attention and help get the government more involved with environmental protection
Tenements
Referred to as slum dwellings these were often dirty crowded and poorly constructed housing units
Jacob Riis
Danish immigrant newspaper reporter and photographer in the US he shot many people in the middle class who wrote the book titled how the other half lives made me photo showing how bad it was
Urban machine
Grew out of the vacuum that was created by the rapid growth of cities and the failure of government to respond lead by urban bosses that use power of immigrants vote to control the city
Simon Patton
Economist, got a new view of leisure the normal life of civilian was abundant not scares and the goal of society should be abundant of pleasure
Vandeville
Most popular form of entertainment in the cities in the first decade of the 20th century included musical acts comedy acts remained popular till radios in movies made it disappear
D. W. Griffith
Influential filmmaker who carried the motion picture to a new era by introducing serious plots and elaborate productions like the birth of nations
Yellow journalism
A type of reporting in newspapers that reported ideas in bold graphic design to reach massive audience
Social realism
Impulse of the turn of the century writers to re-create urban reality writer showed the gritty realistic images of the modern city that were shocking to middle-class people
Upton Sinclair
Was a social realism writer wrote the jungle designed it to reveal the bad capitalism specifically in the meat packing industry it helped produce legislation to deal with it
Ashcan school
Early 20th century artistic movement that a banded traditional academic style to explore the grim aspects of modern life
Land grant institutions
Colleges billed under the Congressional act that gave state federal land to build colleges
What groups of people were most likely to move to the cities of the late 19th century America? What motivated them to move?
Americans from rule areas motivated by convenience and entertainment
Women for greater freedom
Gays and lesbians for chance to build culture
Southern blacks to get away from oppression
Immigrants for a better paying jobs
What problems did urban life provide in the 19th century? What were the responses to these problems?
Fires response was to build fire proof building and fire departments
Environmental degragation response to build sewers government created to help with pollution
Poverty response Salvation Army to help
High crime response better trained police and National Guard
What factors led to a rise in mass consumption in the last decade of the 19th century?
New merchandising techniques
Changes in marketing
Mail order catalogs
Department stores
New transportation
How did the new economy of the late 19th century affect the lives of women?
New employment opportunities
Active role in public life
Clothing styles and shopping
New food and the way they cook
Sales clerks and waitress jobs
What is Darwinism and what impact did it have on American life in the 19th and early 20th century?
Darwinism is that human species had evolved from early life forms called natural selection it impacted the 19th century by the urban and professional classes excepting his idea while people in rule areas did not, this led to a divide between the new cosmopolitan culture in the city and the more traditional and prevention culture located in rule areas, it created a split between liberal protestant’s and protestant fundamentalism, created pragmatism and anthropology
