Chapter 18

Question 1

non-state actors

Answer 1

Groups other than nation-states that attempt to play a role in the international system. Terrorist groups are on type of non-state actor

Question 2

isolationism

Answer 2

avoidance of involvement in the affairs of other nations

Question 3

containment

Answer 3

a policy designed to curtail the political and military expansion of a hostile power

Question 4

appeasement

Answer 4

the effort to forestall war by giving in to the demand of a hostile power

Question 5

Cold War

Answer 5

the period of struggle between the United States and the former Soviet Union lasting from the late 1940s to about 1990

Question 6

nation-states

Answer 6

political entities consisting of a people with some common cultural experience (nation) who also share a common political authority (state) recognized by other sovereignties (nation-states)

Question 7

prevenative war

Answer 7

policy of striking first when a nation fears that a foreign for is contemplating hostile action

Question 8

word trade organization (WTO)

Answer 8

international organization promoting free trade that grew out of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Question 9

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

Answer 9

international trade organization, in existance from 1947 to 1995, that set many of the rules governing international trade

Question 10

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Answer 10

trade treaty among the United States, Canada, and Mexico to lower and eliminate tariffs among the three countries

Question 11

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Answer 11

trade treaty among the United States, Canada, and Mexico to lower and eliminate tariffs among the three countries

Question 12

Bush doctrine

Answer 12

foreign policy based on the idea that the United States should take preemptive action against threats to its national securtiy

Question 13

executive agreement

Answer 13

an agreement, made between the president and another country, that has the force of a treaty but does not require the Senate’s “advice and consent”

Question 14

diplomacy

Answer 14

the representation of a government to other governments

Question 15

United Nations (UN)

Answer 15

an organization of nations founded in 1945 to be a channel for negotiation and means of settling international disputes peaceably; the UN has had frequent successes in providing a forum for negotiation and, on some occasions, a means of preventing international conflicts from spreading; on a number of occasions, the UN has been a convenient cover for U.S. Foreign policy goals.

Question 16

international monetary fund (IMF)

Answer 16

an institution established in 1944 that provides loans and facilitates international monetary exchange

Question 17

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 17

an organization, compromising of the United States, Canada, and most of western Europe, formed in 1949 to counter the perceived threat from the Soviet Union

Question 18

bilatral treaties

Answer 18

treaties made between two nations