Chapter 18

Question 1

Plessy v Ferguson p577 POL

Answer 1

a) a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of “separate but equal.”
b) allowed segregation
c) eventually overturned after civil rights movement

Question 2

Young Men’s Christian Association p580 CUL

Answer 2

a) Spiritual organization meant to provide healthy activities for young workers in the cities.
b) helped provide good alternatives for young men
c) still a large organization today

Question 3

Negro Leagues p581 CUL

Answer 3

a) professional baseball leagues comprising teams predominantly made up of African Americans and, to a lesser extent, Latin Americans.
b) gave blacks an alternative to play baseball
c) eventually ended due to Jackie Robinson breaking color barrier in MLB

Question 4

Sierra Club p583 CUL

Answer 4

a) oldest and largest grassroots environmental organization in the United States.
b) helped preserve the environment
c) has preserved the environment to the day

Question 5

National Park Service p583 CUL

Answer 5

a) an agency of the United States federal government that manages all U.S. national parks, many American national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations.
b) showed the focus of preserving the environment as well
c) helped preserve parks that became culture and tourist centers

Question 6

National Audubon Society p583 CUL

Answer 6

a) a non-profit environmental organization dedicated to conservation
b) conserved the environment
c) joined the movement to preserve the environment

Question 7

Comstock Act p585 POL

Answer 7

a) made it illegal to use the U.S. Postal Service to send any of the following things: erotica, contraceptives, abortifacients, sex toys
b) started to limit what could be ship
c) limited what the postal service could ship

Question 8

liberal arts p587 CUL

Answer 8

a) are those subjects or skills that in classical antiquity were considered essential for a free person
b) helped culture
c) people use these as main parts of culture

Question 9

Atlanta Compromise p587 POL

Answer 9

a) an agreement struck in 1895 between Booker T. Washington, president of the Tuskegee Institute, and other African-American leaders, and Southern white leaders.
b) helped make agreements between blacks and whites
c) showed that the two groups could cooperate

Question 10

maternalism p589 CUL

Answer 10

a) a tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values.
b) people began to focus on things
c) an idea that is very prevalent today

Question 11

Woman’s Christian Temperance Union p589 CUL

Answer 11

a) the first mass organization among women devoted to social reform with a program that “linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity.”
b) strengthened the faith of women
c) provided a strong group for women

Question 12

National Association of Colored Women p591 CUL

Answer 12

a) organized to refute a letter written by James Jacks, the president of the Missouri Press Association, challenging the respectability of African-American women, and referring to them as thieves and prostitutes.
b) helped bond black women together
c) continued to show that black people would stand up for what they believe

Question 13

National American Woman Suffrage Association p592 CUL

Answer 13

a) American women’s rights organization was established by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in May of 1890. This and other groups led to the nineteenth amendment: women’s suffrage.
b) helped fight for more women’s rights
c) caused the passing of 19th ammendment

Question 14

feminism p592 CUL

Answer 14

a) focused on ending legal barriers to female rights, primarily suffrage, considered over after the passage of the 19th amendment
b) worked to give women more power
c) still a prevalent idea today

Question 15

natural selection p594 CUL

Answer 15

a) the gradual process by which heritable biological traits become either more or less common in a population
b) provided reasoning for why things are the way they are
c) an idea that has been a main debating point recently

Question 16

Social Darwinism p594 CUL

Answer 16

a) a modern name given to various theories of society that emerged in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Western Europe in the 1870s
b) explained ideas of social actions
c) idea still used today

Question 17

eugenics p594 WXT

Answer 17

a) the belief and practice which aims at improving the genetic quality of the human population.
b) idea of improving people
c) controversial topic currently

Question 18

realism p594 CUL

Answer 18

a) the attitude or practice of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it accordingly
b) improved how people dealt with problems
c) changed how people approach situations

Question 19

naturalism p594 CUL

Answer 19

a) an approach to philosophical problems that interprets them as tractable through the methods of the empirical sciences or at least, without a distinctively a priority project of theorizing.
b) became an important way of thinking
c) helps approach problems

Question 20

modernism p595 PEO

Answer 20

a) the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities
b) more people moved to cities
c) caused industrial cities to grow much faster

Question 21

American Protective Association p600 PEO

Answer 21

a) an American anti-Catholic secret society established in 1887 by American Protestants.
b) split the Christians by their denominations
c) caused problems due to it being against catholics

Question 22

Social Gospel p600 CUL

Answer 22

a) a Protestant Christian intellectual movement that was most prominent in the early 20th century United States.
b) caused a changing in the church
c) impacts churches today

Question 23

fundamentalism p602 PEO

Answer 23

a) strict adherence to the basic principles of any subject or discipline.
b) people became more strongly willed in their beleifs
c) causes many people to stick to one belief that they have

Question 24

Thomas Edison p576 PEO

Answer 24

a) an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb
b) helped drive innovation at the time
c) made important invention which are used or were invented upon to use today

Question 25

John Muir p583 CUL

Answer 25

a) a Scottish-American naturalist, author, and early advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States.
b) lead preservation of wildlife
c) has caused many people to join cause to help preserve the envirionment

Question 26

Booker T. Washington p587 PEO

Answer 26

a) an African-American educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States.
b) showed that blacks could do just as much as whites
c) influential to many important black leaders that followed

Question 27

Frances Willard p589 PEO

Answer 27

a) an American educator, temperance reformer, and women’s suffragist
b) helped women’s suffrage
c) lead charge for women’s rights

Question 28

Ida B. Wells p591 PEO

Answer 28

a) an African-American journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, sociologist, and an early leader in the civil rights movement
b) showed that black people were
c) helped push along the civil rights movement

Question 29

Mark Twain p594 CUL

Answer 29

a) an American author and humorist. He wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
b) had new ideas on how people view life
c) has had a great cultural impact, and his books are still famous today

Question 30

Billy Sunday p602 CUL

Answer 30

a) the most celebrated and influential American evangelist during the first two decades of the 20th century.
b) helped spread Christianity
c) became a very influential part of Christianity