Chapter 18

Question 0

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 0

Members of the Emperor of China’s family (Qing) secretly encouraged the uprising at the turn of the century with the purpose of expelling the foreigners. The foreigners won and the emperor lost control of China.

Question 1

Muhammad Ali

Answer 1

After the invasion of Napoleon failed, Ali rose to power because of his ability to build a powerful army using western knowledge and hiring French and Italian military officers to train his troops. Leader of Egypt subservient to the Ottoman sultan, modernized and westernized the country into debt during the early 1800’s.

Question 2

Canton System

Answer 2

All British goods had to come into only one Chinese port

Question 3

Anarchist

Answer 3

People opposed to any formal government, and they sought to attack the existing order through assassinations and bombings.

Question 4

Cult of the emperor

Answer 4

Japanese oligarchs established this campaign to glorify the emperor as a symbol of Japanese power. But the emperor remained a ruler in name only.

Question 5

Matthew Perry’s “black ships”

Answer 5

In 1853 the arrival of Matthew Perry’s black ship in Edo Bay near Tokyo created a crisis that forces japan to directly tackle its problem. Perry was an American commodore who delivered a letter from the president of the Unites states demanding the Chinese open their ports for foreign trade and threaten the Japan gov.

Question 6

Intelligentsia

Answer 6

A group of radical intelligentsia emerged- people encouraged to voice political opinions through the expansion of universities and access to the printed word.

Question 7

Oligarchs

Answer 7

New rulers(several), that went far to establish what was named “the cult of the emperor” or a wide campaign to glorify the emperor as a symbol of Japanese power.

Question 8

Trams Siberian Railroad

Answer 8

The building of this connected the bulk of the population in the east to the pacific coast by the end of the 19th century

Question 9

Zemstvoes

Answer 9

By Alexander the 2nd , the creation of local political councils called zemstvoes, to replace the nobility traditional authority over the serfs.

Question 10

The young Turks

Answer 10

The best known protest organization was the Ottoman Society for Union and progress nicknamed , “the young Turks” which Formed in paris among a group of Turks that were exiled for their resistance to the sultans rule

Question 11

crimean war

Answer 11

fought in 1853, revealed to all major powers how weak the Ottoman Empire had grown. russian armies attacked southward threatening ottoman lands.

Question 12

tanzimat

Answer 12

an intensified period of reform that followed Mahmud, meaning “reorganization” and lasted till 1876.

Question 13

the treaty of nanking

Answer 13

after the oprimium war, the chinese and british signed the treaty which dismantled the old canton system, and increased the number of ports open to foreigners from one (canton) to to five (canton, xiamen, Fuzhou, ningbo, & shanghi) and the island of hong kong became a long term british colony

Question 14

spheres of influence

Answer 14

each port being controlled by a designated foreign nation

Question 15

taiping rebellion

Answer 15

led by Hong Xiuquan, a christian from guangxi province in the south, an area with stubborn social problems that had experianced disorders

Question 16

Hong Xiuquan

Answer 16

a christian from Guangxi province in the south

Question 17

Seld strengthening movement

Answer 17

its main goal was to counter the challenges from the west by modernizing China from within.

Question 18

Catherine the Great

Answer 18

ruled Russia from 1762-1796. she had a vision of a more powerful Russia supported by western technology and warm water ports.

Question 19

holy alliance

Answer 19

a defense to establish the order ehich included both monarchs and religion officials.

Question 20

decembrist revolt

Answer 20

a major uprising in 1825 led by western organized army officers who sought political form.

Question 21

Diet

Answer 21

The lower house of the Japanese House of Peers, which had power to pass laws, approve budgets, and otherwise advise government ‘ but not control it.

Question 22

duma

Answer 22

an elected parliament which came into being after the revolution of 1905 in russia

Question 23

russias, “official nationality”

Answer 23

loyalty to the orthodox church and protection provided by a strong, humane, and enlightened autocracy.

Question 24

Vanguard of the revolution

Answer 24

all classes of the population must have politcal knowledge and support of the revoltion.

Question 25

opium wars

Answer 25

1839-42. Britain was forcing Opium into China in order to balance their trade deficit with China but China officials didn’t want the product in their country because of health concerns. Britain declared war and with their military superiority took control of the trade over the Qing govt

Question 26

McCartney Mission

Answer 26

A delegation headed by George Mccartney sent by the British govt. to open more trade between China and Britain. Britian had a massive trade deficit with China. Mission failed due enthocentrism on both sides. Mccartney wouldn’t kowtow before the emperor and Qing officials wouldn’t bow to a portrait of the King of England.

Question 27

Meiji Restoration

Answer 27

The result of civil war in Japan in 1868 with the overthrow of the Togugawa Shogunate. This was the name of the new regime stating this regime was restoring the power of the emperor

Question 28

florence nightingale

Answer 28

Mid-1850’s, Englishwomen trained in France and Prussia applied the techniques learned to the battlefield in the Crimea War. She improved the sanitation of the hospitals greatly reducing death rates. In london est. institutes for nursing that were widely imitated in other countries.

Question 29

most favored states

Answer 29

When a country gives trading advantages over all other nations. China was forced to do this with Britain in the Treaty of Nanking after the the Opium War of 1839-42.