Chapter 17: Substance Use Disorder Flashcards
The nurse is conducting a smoking-cessation program. Which statement regarding drugs used in cigarette-smoking–cessation programs is true?
Rapid chewing of the nicotine gum releases an immediate dose of nicotine.
Quick or acute relief from withdrawal symptoms is most easily achieved with the use of the gum because rapid chewing of the gum produces an immediate dose of nicotine. However, treatment compliance is higher with the use of the transdermal patch system. Nicotine gum can be used whenever the patient has a strong urge to smoke.
A patient is being treated for ethanol alcohol abuse in a rehabilitation center. The nurse will include which information when teaching him about disulfiram (Antabuse) therapy?
He needs to know about the common over-the-counter substances that contain alcohol.
The use of disulfiram (Antabuse) with alcohol-containing over-the-counter products will elicit severe adverse reactions. As little as 7 mL of alcohol may cause symptoms in a sensitive person
When admitting a patient with a suspected diagnosis of chronic alcohol use, the nurse will keep in mind that chronic use of alcohol might result in which condition?
Korsakoff’s psychosis
A variety of serious neurologic and mental disorders, such as Korsakoff’s psychosis and Wernicke’s encephalopathy, as well as cirrhosis of the liver, may occur with chronic use of alcohol.
The nurse is monitoring a patient who is experiencing severe ethanol withdrawal. Which are signs and symptoms of severe ethanol withdrawal?
Signs and symptoms of severe ethanol withdrawal (delirium tremens) include systolic blood pressure higher than 200 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure higher than 140 mm Hg, pulse rate higher than 140 beats/min, temperature above 101° F (38.3° C), tremors, insomnia, and agitation.
A patient has been taking disulfiram (Antabuse) as part of his rehabilitation therapy. However, this evening, he attended a party and drank half a beer. As a result, he became ill and his friends took him to the emergency department. The nurse will look for which adverse effects associated with acetaldehyde syndrome? (List all that apply.)
Acetaldehyde syndrome results when alcohol is taken while on disulfiram (Antabuse) therapy. Adverse effects include CNS effects (pulsating headache, sweating, marked uneasiness, weakness, vertigo, others); GI effects (nausea, copious vomiting, thirst); and difficulty breathing
Flunitrazepam is a benzodiazepine that has recently gained popularity as a recreational drug and is commonly called roofies (the “date-rape” drug).
Stimulants
The adverse effects listed may occur with use of stimulants and are commonly an extension of their therapeutic effects.
The nurse is presenting a substance-abuse lecture for teenage girls and is asked about “roofies.” The nurse recognizes that this is the slang term for which substance?
Flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam is a benzodiazepine that has recently gained popularity as a recreational drug and is commonly called roofies (the “date-rape” drug).
A patient has been taking naltrexone (ReVia) as part of the treatment for addiction to heroin. The nurse expects that the naltrexone will have which therapeutic effect for this patient?
If opioid drugs are used while taking naltrexone, euphoria is not produced; thus, the opioid’s desired effects are lost
Naltrexone works to eliminate the euphoria that occurs with opioid drug use; therefore, the reinforcing effect of the drug is lost.
A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms. The nurse expects to administer which drug as part of the treatment?
Methadone
Opioid withdrawal can be managed with either methadone or clonidine (Catapres). Diazepam and disulfiram are used for treatment of alcoholism, and bupropion is used to assist with smoking cessation.
