Chapter 17 Physical And Cognitve Development In Late Adulthood

Question 0

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 0

Ability to use skills, knowledge and experience
And it increases over time

Ex. Wisdom ( you get more wise over the years )

Question 1

Fastest growing segment of population

Answer 1

80 years old and up

Question 2

Fluid intelligence

Answer 2

Capacity to think logically ability to analyze novel problems and identify patterns good for mathematics and science

Fluid intelligence decreases overtime

Question 3

Primary aging

Answer 3

Gradual, inevitable process of aging

Occurs throughout years , despite efforts to slow it

Question 4

Secondary aging

Answer 4

Results from disease, abuse, and disuse

Factors within persons control

Question 5

Gender and age

Answer 5

Women tend to live longer than men

> They are better caregivers than men

> Are more likely to seek medical care

Question 6

Geriatrics

Answer 6

A branch of social science dealing with the health and care of elders

Question 7

Changes in brain

The aging brain

Answer 7

Brain loses weight over time
10% by age 90

Due to shrinking neuron size in cerebral cortex

Loss of axons, dendrites, and synapses

Not due :
Reduction in number of neurons

Question 8

Visual decline Old old ( 75 and up )

Answer 8

• significant loss of visual acuity and color discrimination
• decrease in size of perceived visual field

Question 9

Visual decline 
Young old (65-74)

Answer 9

• loss of acuity even with corrective lenses
• less transmission of light through retina
• color discrimination decreases

Question 10

Wear and tear theory

Answer 10

Believes that the effects of aging are caused by damage done to cells and body systems over time

Question 11

Programmed senescence

Answer 11

The view that age related declines are the results of species specific genes to aging

Question 12

Cataracts

Answer 12

Is a clouding of the lens inside the eye which leads to A decrease in vision

Question 13

Rapport brain study **

Answer 13

• Compared brains of younger and older performing same tasks
• Older brains rewired themselves to compensate for for losses
• Neighboring neurons picked up the slack where others failed
• The aging brain can function effectively

Question 14

Alzheimer’s disease symptoms

Answer 14

Memory impairment 
Deterioration of language 
Deficits in visual and spatial processing 
Repeating of questions 
Everyday tasks unfinished or forgotten 
Personality change 
Irritability or anxiety 
Lack of concentration

Question 15

Alzheimer’s causes and risks

Answer 15

• Neurofibrillary tangles
• twisted masses or dead neurons
• Amyloid Plaque
• buildup of non-functioning tissue

Question 16

Alzheimer’s diagnosis and prediction

Answer 16

Can only be diagnosed definitively postmodern
While alive:
- neurocognitive screening tests
- Prospective memory tests

Question 17

Alzheimer’s treatment and prevention

Answer 17

Cholinesterase inhibitors
- Aricept
Immunotherapy

More research needed to confirm:

• vitamin E
• Anti- inflammatory drugs
• Gingko biloba

Question 18

Visual changes

Answer 18

Older eyes :
 Need more light to see 
Are more sensitive to glare 
Have more trouble negotiating driving skills 
> Night driving is more difficult