Chapter 17 Key Terms Flashcards
American Tobacco Company
Business founded in 1890 by North Carolina’s James Buchanan Duke, who controlled the major tobacco manufacturers of the time, controlling 90% of the country’s booming cigarette production.
Mississippi Plan
Series of state constitutional amendments that sought to disenfranchise Black voters and was quickly adopted by nine other states.
crop-lien system
Credit system used by sharecroppers and share tenants who pledged a portion (“share”) of their future crop to local merchants or landowners in exchange for farming supplies, food, and clothing.
separate but equal
Underlying principle behind segregation that was legitimized by the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).
Wilmington Insurrection
Led by Alfred Waddell in Wilmington, North Carolina, White supremacists rampaged through the Black community,
Atlanta Compromise
Speech by Booker T. Washington that called for the Black community to strive for economic prosperity before demanding political and social equality.
Exodusters
African Americans who migrated west from the South in search of a haven from racism and poverty after the collapse of Radical Republican rule.
Comstock Lode
A mine in eastern Nevada acquired by Canadian fur trapper Henry Comstock that between 1860 and 1880 yielded almost $1 billion worth of gold and silver.
Indian Wars
Bloody conflicts between U.S. soldiers and Native Americans that raged in the West from the early 1860s to the late 1870s, sparked by American Settlers moving into ancestral Indian lands.
Sand Creek Massascre
Colonel Chivington’s unprovoked slaughter of the Cheyenne and Arapaho in Colorado, initially reported as a justified battle but soon exposed for the despicable massacre it was.
Great Sioux War
Conflict between Sioux and Cheyenne Indians and federal troops over land in the Dakotas in the mid-1870s.
Ghost Dance movement
A spiritual and political movement among Native Americans whose followers performed a ceremonial “ghost dance” intended to connect the living with the dead and make the Native Americans bulletproof in battles intended to restore their homelands.
Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
Federal legislations that divided ancestral Native American land among the heads of each Indian by forcing them to become farmers working individual plots of land.
