Chapter 17 "European Renaissance and Reformation" Test Flashcards
Declared Luther an outlaw and heretic (a person who holds beliefs that differ from official church teachings). Charles V issued this decree
Edict of Worms
Had six wives, he was also known as the “Defender of the Faith” from the pope. But when the the pope declined the approval of his annulment, he quickly moved to Protestantism. He ask Parliament to issue an act to allow him to divorce. He did this all because he feared leaving England without a King to the throne
Henry VIII
Was produced by criticism to the church and inspired people to live a christian life. Focused on the reformation of society. Education—-promoted unisex schooling
- Thomas More
- Desiderus Erasmus
Christian Humanism
The idea that God has already chosen the people that are to be saved
Predestination
Thomas More’s book that expressed the ideals of a perfect world. One w/o greed, corruption, and war a.k.a “no place”
Utopia
Wrote “Praise of Folly” and believed on is Christian by heart not by ceremonies or rules
Erasmus
Focused on human potential and was less religious and more secular
Humanism
Means “baptize again” Only baptized those who were old enough to decide to be Christian and also refused to participate in wars
Anabaptist
Rejected pope’s authority
Reformation
Founder of Calvinism and believes to principal of predestination
John Calvin
Gathered by Charles V and allowed each state’s religion be decided by his ruler
Peace of Augsburg
Powerful banking family that ruled Florence
Medici
Group that focused on
- Building school; education
- converted non-christians to Catholicism
- stop the spread of Protestantism
Jesuits
pardons- but falsely advertised that they forgived sins
Indulgences
started the reformation and didn’t agree with the church and it teachings
Martin Luther
financially supported artist and donated there art to the city to show there wealth and importance
Patrons
writing in a writer’s native language
Vernacular
Wrote “The Prince” which examines how a ruler can gain power and keep it in spite of his enemies. Not concerned with morality but with political effectiveness.
Niccolo Machiavelli
Comprised of bishops and cardinals
Made rules to benefit the catholic reformation:
-The Churches interpretation of the Bible was final and anyone who interpreted it a different way was recognized as heretic
-Christians needed faith and good works to reach salvation (Luther argued)
-The Bible and Church tradition were equally powerful
- Indulgences were valid expression but the selling of them was banned
Council of Trent
Enabled the mass production of book and as a result let to understanding and comprehension to the general public
Printing Press
Martin Luther 95 reasons for opposing the church
95 Thesis
sculptor, poet, architect, and painter
Built the statue of David
Painted ceilings at the Sistine Chapel
Michaelangelo
rather than spiritual it concerned with here and now
Secular
Calvin had believed an ideal government is one ruled by religious leaders
Theocracy
