Chapter 17 Diabetes Flashcards
Chronic hyperglycemia is correlated with organ dysfunction and damage, progressing to failure of numerous organs particularly which ones?
Eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
Type 1 diabetes is a result of?
From a cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of Beta cells the pancreas. Resulting in the inability of cells to use glucose for energy.
Genetics and environmental agents have played a role in some cases.
Some forms of Type 1 diabetes have no known causes and are referred to idiopathic diabetes.
What are the3 P’s associated with Type 1 diabetes?
Polyuria: To compenstate for the hyperglycemia, excess glucose is lost in the urine because the kidneys can filter so much glucose from the blood. Causing frequent urination.
Polydipsia: Loss of fluid stimulates the thirst mechanism and leads to polydipsia.
Polyphagia: Cells dependent on glucose for energy have none available. In turn, the body responds to this emergency by promoting hungry.
How does Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes differ in insulin production/usaged?
Type 1 results from lack of insulin caused by destruction of beta cells. Type 2 produce insulin but their tissues are insulin resistant. This causes an increase need for insulin, so the pancreas increases production. Eventually the pancreas loses its ability to produce insulin
What is polycystic ovary snydrome?
A health problem that can affect a womens menstrual cycle , fertility hormones, insulin production, heart, blood vessels, and appearance.
What does these characteristics describe?
- high levels of male horomones, also called androgens
- An irregular or no menstrual cycle
- May or may not have many small cysts (fluid filled sacs) in their ovaries.
- Most common hormonal reproductive problem in women of childbearing age.
- Know one knows the exact causes however, women are typically overweight and frequenctly have a mother or sister with it.
Polycystic Ovary Snydrome (PCOS)
What is Gestational Diabetes Meliltus?
Is a form of glucose intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy.
Women who have had it have a higer chance (20-50%) of developing diabetes in the next 5 to 10 years.
