Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vascular Sonography > Chapter 17: Cerebrovascular Testing > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Cerebrovascular Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the TIA time frame?

A

Less than 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the RIND time frame

A

More than 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which strokes are transient?

A

TIA and RIND

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the time frame for CVA?

A

More than 24 hours, complete recovery does not occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When hematocrit drops what happens to blood flow?

A

It increases because resistance decreases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does atherosclerosis form

A

Within or beneath the intima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is atheromatous plaque

A

A form of arteriosclerosis; localized accumulations of lipid-contains material(atheroma), smooth muscle cells, collagen fibrin and platelets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What causes thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity if walls in arteries?

A

Atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can result from atherosclerosis

A

Decreased perfusion to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a fatty streak in atheromatous plaque?

A

A thin layer of lipid material on the intimal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is fibrous plaque

A

The accumulation of lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a complicated lesion

A

A fibrous plaque that includes fibrous tissue, more collagen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an ulcerative lesion

A

When a fibrous cap deteriorates-emboli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Types of atheromatous plaque

A

Fatty streak

Fibrous plaque

Complicated Lesion

Ulcerative Lesion

Intra-Plaque Hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the most likely location for plaque to form?

A

At bifurcations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a thromboembolic

A

The obstruction of a blood vessel by a piece of thrombus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a thrombus

A

Large amounts of red blood cells trapped within a fibrin network; clumps of playlets may also be evident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is an embolism

A

A piece of thrombus that breaks loose and travels until it lodged in a small vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is an aneurysm

A

Localized dilation of a blood vessel due to congenital defects or weekends of the wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is an aneurysm rarely seen?

A

Cervical carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the usual culprit for a pulsating neck mass?

A

A very tortuous CCA

22
Q

What is a dissection

A

A sudden tear that can be spontaneous or the result of trauma

23
Q

What does a dissection create

A

A false lumen that may extend prodigally or distally

24
Q

What may form in the false lumen of a dissection

A

Thrombus

25
Q

What kind of flow is seen in the blind pouch of a dissection

A

High resistant flow

26
Q

What is the most common cause of fibromuscular dysplasia

A

Dysplasia(abnormal cellular growth) in the media of the mid/distal ICA

27
Q

What appearance is characteristic of fibromuscular dysplasia on angiography

A

Bead-like

28
Q

What demographic is fibromuscular dysplasia typically seen in?

A

Young women

29
Q

What is a carotid body tumor

A

A small structure located just above the carotid bifurcation that is highly vascular and usually fed by the ECA

30
Q

What is the treatment for a carotid body tumor

A

Ligation if the feeding vessel (usually the ECA)

31
Q

What is Neointimal hyperplasia

A

Intimal thickening from rapid production of smooth muscle cells

32
Q

What can be a response to vascular injury or reconstruction E.g. post carotid endarterectomy

A

Neointimal hyperplasia

33
Q

With Neointimal hyperplasia significant stenosis May occur within ______

A

6-24 months

34
Q

With Neointimal hyperplasia, denuding of endothelium leads to…

A

Platelet accumulation, endothelium regeneration, and smooth muscle cell proliferation.

35
Q

What are common arterial sites to palpate

A

Common carotid, superficial temporal, subclavian, and axillary arteries

36
Q

Which finger are used to palpate

A

2nd,3rd, and sometimes 4th

37
Q

What is auscultation

A

Listening through a stethoscope

38
Q

What is a bruit

A

A noise heard during auscultation that is the result of turbulent flow

39
Q

Bruit may not be evident with a stenosis of what caliber?

A

A tight stenosis, > 90%

40
Q

What are common sites for bruit evaluation?

A

Carotid and subclavian

41
Q

What on physical examination is associated with a hemodynamics significant lesion

A

Bruit

42
Q

What is recommended to detect proximal obstruction

A

Bilateral pressures

43
Q

Left hemispheric CVA results in neurological deficits on the____ side of the body

A

Right

44
Q

Specifics eye symptoms like amaurosis fugax are suggestive of

A

Ipsilateral ICA disease

45
Q

Unilateral paresis
Unilateral parethesia
Aphasia
Amaurosis fugax

A

ICA lesions

46
Q

Aphasia or dysphasia
More severe facial or arm hemiparesis or hemiplegia
Behavioral changes

Think arm/face

A

MCA lesions

47
Q

More severe leg hemiparesis or hemiplegia
Incontinence
Loss of coordination

Think leg

A

ACA lesions

48
Q

Myopia is commonly referred to as

A

Nearsightedness

49
Q

What is homonymous hemianopia?

A

Defective vision or blindness in the right or left half of the visual fields. ( not always relates to ICA lesions)

50
Q 
Vertigo
Ataxia
Bilateral visual blurring or double vision( diplopia)
Bilateral parenthesis or anesthesia
Drop attack
A

Vertebrobasilar lesions

51
Q

Dyslexia

Coma

A

PCA lesions

52
Q

Dizziness
Syncope
Severe headache

A

Non-localizing symptoms

Vascular Sonography (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions