Chapter 17: Blood

Question 1

What are the 4 general functions of blood?

Answer 1

1. Transport
2. Buffering
3. Defense
4. Clotting

Question 2

What does blood transport?

Answer 2

Blood gases, nutrients, ions, and hormones.

Question 3

What does the blood buffer?

Answer 3

pH, temperature, and osmolarity

Question 4

What does the blood defend against?

Answer 4

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and dead/damaged body tissues.

Question 5

What is the purpose of clotting?

Answer 5

It prevents the loss of fluid through damaged circulatory vessels.

Question 6

What is the blood volume for a healthy male and female?

Answer 6

Male: 5 - 6 liters
Female: 4 - 5 liters

Question 7

Blood is a component of which fluid compartment?

Answer 7

Extracellular Fluid

Question 8

What is plasma?

Answer 8

The liquid fraction of the blood, and is more than 90% water by volume.

Question 9

What are the plasma proteins?

Answer 9

Albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, and regulatory proteins (enzymes, proenzymes, hormones)

Question 10

What does plasma composition consist of?

Answer 10

Plasma proteins, other solutes, and water.

Question 11

What do albumins do?

Answer 11

Prevent swelling and shrinkage of cells

Question 12

What do globulins do?

Answer 12

Defend the body against foreign pathogen

Question 13

What do fibrinogens do?

Answer 13

Prevent fluid loss during injury

Question 14

What do hormones do?

Answer 14

Serve as ligands for receptors throughout the body

Question 15

What are the formed elements composed of?

Answer 15

Platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells

Question 16

What is the purpose of leukocytes?

Answer 16

To defend against infection