Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Generalists

A

a species that interacts with many other species.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Specialists

A

a species that interacts with one other species or a few

closely related species.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Obligate mutualists

A

two species that provide fitness benefits to each other and require each other to persist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Facultative mutualists

A

two species that provide fitness benefits to each other, but the interaction is not critical to the persistence of either species.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mycorrhizal fungi

A

fungi that surround plant roots and help plants obtain water and minerals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Endomycorrhizal fungi

A

fungi characterized by hyphal threads that extend far out into the soil and penetrate root cells between the cell wall and the cell membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ectomycorrhizal fungi

A

fungi characterized by hyphae that surround plant roots and enter between root cells but rarely enter the cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

A

a type of endomycorrhizal fungi that infects a tremendous number of plants including apple trees, peach trees, coffee trees, and grasses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fungal hyphae provide plants with…?

A

soil minerals (e.g., nitrogen) and water; plants provide the fungi with sugars from photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arbuscules are…?

A

branching hyphal structures found within plant cells that help the fungus to provide nutrients to the plant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are only known to live in relationships with…?

A

trees and shrubs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

endophytic fungi

A

Some plants defend themselves through mutualisms with endophytic fungi, which are fungi that live inside a plant’s tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Endophytic fungi role?

A

produce chemicals that repel herbivores and provide drought resistance by increasing the concentration of minerals in plant tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does cheating occur?

A

when one species receives a benefit but does not provide one in return.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Loss of dispersers can result in…?

A

a reduction in plant abundance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lichens are composed of

A

fungus and algae; the fungus provides the algae with water, CO2, and nutrients in exchange for carbohydrates from photosynthesis.