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Dental Anatomy Exam Four Chapter 17 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four basic tissues in the body?

A
  1. epithelium
  2. connective tissue
  3. muscle
  4. nervous tissue
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2
Q

the wall in the cell structure that functions to keep the cellular fluid in and unnecessary foreign materials out.

A

Cell membrane

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3
Q

The area inside the cell membrane is a fluid medium know as what?

A

Cytoplasm

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4
Q

the master control of the cell, it contains (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which control the operation of the cells.

A

Nucleus

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5
Q

A circumscribed dense area within the nucleus

A

Nucleolus

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6
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

Chromosomes

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7
Q

Where is RNA found?

A

Within the nucleolus

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8
Q

What is the function of the RNA?

A

to carry genetic information or instructions from the DNA to the manufacturing parts of the cell

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9
Q

Small functioning parts of the cell that allow the cell to remain alive and carry out its particular function

A

Organelles

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10
Q

responsible for energy production and for the rate at which the cell uses energy—commonly known as metabolism

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

series of interconnecting tubules in the cell that are responsible for the manufacture of various products to be used inside or outside the cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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12
Q

produces a thin membrane to surround the material produced by the endoplasmic reticulum so it can be moved around

A

Golgi apparatus

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13
Q

a group of cells that make up the skin and lines the inside of the cavities of the body

A

Epithelium

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14
Q

What are the two epithelium classifications according to the number cell layers?

A
  1. Single-layered: Simple Epithelium

2. Multiple-layered: Stratified Epithelium

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15
Q
  • Squamous (flat)
  • Found in the lining of lungs, blood vessels, abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity, and lymphatic cells.
  • Allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the linings of the lungs and the capillaries of the lungs.
A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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16
Q
  • Either cuboidal or rectangular
  • Only one thick layer, much thicker than squamous layer
  • Lines the digestive tract from the stomach to anal region
  • The main function is absorption of the break-down products within the digestive tract
A

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL/SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

17
Q

Where are cuboidal cells found?

A

the ducts of various glands, such as kidneys, salivary glands, pancreas, and others.

18
Q

“falsely layers epithelium”

  • Seen in several areas of the body, MOST PROMINENT IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT*
  • Has many goblet cells intermixed with the epithelium*
  • Secretes a mucous substance and lubricates the surface of the epithelium for a number of functions*
  • has cilia that traps contaminants in the air from passing through the respiratory passages*
A

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

19
Q

Three different layers of the stratified squamous epithelium:

A
  1. Stratum basale
  2. Stratum spinosum
  3. Stratum granulosum
20
Q

Stratified cuboidal/columnar epithelium:

A

Generally only found in forming large ducts of glands.

21
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

It changes in thickness and appearance as the need arises, multiple layers of cells and varying in thickness, & found in the urinary system

22
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

!!MOST COMMON!!

As skin covers it the body and also makes up the mucosa of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and anal region.

23
Q

What are the different layers of the stratified squamous epithelium?????

A
  1. stratum basale
  2. stratum spinosum
  3. stratum granulosum
  4. stratum corneum
24
Q

Three different situations that can be seen in the stratum corneum layer?

A

non-karatinized
para-keratinized
keratinized

25
Q

whose products carried away by ducts leading from the gland

A

exocrine glands

26
Q

whose ducts are lost after the gland develops and whose products are carried away from the gland in the bloodstream

A

endocrine glands

27
Q

What glands are an example of exocrine glands?

A

salivary glands

28
Q

Salivary glands producing the following types of secretions:

A
  1. Serous secretion
  2. Mucous secretion
  3. Seromucous secretion
29
Q

a thin watery substance containing most of the digestive enzymes found in saliva

A

Serous Secretion

30
Q

a thicker, more viscous substance

A

Mucous secretion

31
Q

produced by may of the glands that have both serous and mucous cells, in varying quantities within the same gland

A

Seromucous secretion

32
Q

outer layer of the epithelial cells

A

ectoderm

33
Q

inner layer of epithelial cells

A

entoderm

34
Q

middle layer of epithelial cells

A

mesoderm

35
Q

Varies in its number of cell rows from two or three to ten or more

A

Stratum spinosum

36
Q

Evident in thick skin and appears as two or three layers of flattened cells that contain granules or spots within their cytoplasm

A

Stratum granulosum

37
Q

single layers of cuboidal cells that rests in the basement membrane. Cells divide and form more cells to maintain the supply and replace the cells that are lost

A

Stratum basale

Dental Anatomy Exam Four Chapter 17 (1 decks)

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