Chapter 16 - Solutions

Question 0

Saturated solution

Answer 0

Contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure.

Question 1

What factors affect how fast a substance dissolves?

Answer 1

Factors that affects how fast a substance dissolves include agitation, temperature, and the particle size of the solute.

Question 2

How can you describe the equilibrium in a saturated solution?

Answer 2

In a saturated solution, a state of dynamic equilibrium exists between the solution and any undissolved solute, provided that the temperature remains constant.

Question 3

Solubility

Answer 3

The amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution.

Question 4

Unsaturated solution

Answer 4

A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure.

Question 5

What factors affect the solubility of a substance?

Answer 5

Temperature affects the solubility of solid, liquid and gaseous solutes in a solvent: both temperature and pressure affect the solubility of gaseous solutes.

Question 6

Supersaturated solution

Answer 6

Contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature.

Question 7

Concentration

Answer 7

A measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent.

Question 8

Dilute solution

Answer 8

A solution that contains a relatively small amount of solute.

Question 9

Concentrated solution

Answer 9

Contains a large amount of solute.

Question 10

Molarity

Answer 10

The number if moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.

Question 11

How do you calculate the molarity of a solution?

Answer 11

To calculate the molarity of a solution, divide the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.

Question 12

Colligative property

Answer 12

A property of so,unions that depends only upon the number of solute particles, not upon their identity.

Question 13

What are two colligative properties of solutions?

Answer 13

Freezing point depression and boiling point elevation.

Question 14

Freezing point depression

Answer 14

The difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent.

Question 15

Boiling point elevation.

Answer 15

The difference in temperature between the boiling point of a solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent.