Chapter 16 quiz Flashcards
How much of the national population identifies as indigenous?
5%
Which province has the largest percentage of indigenous?
Nunavut
First Nations
Replaced the term Indian, which refers to Indigenous communities descended from those who inhabited North America before Europeans
Inuit
Indigenous people who live in the far north, and are not considered Indian under Canadian law.
Aboriginal
Became popular in Canada after the 1982 constitution act defined first inhabitants of Canada as such
Metis
People of mixed ancestry created by unions between aboriginal and European people in Canada
When was the Indian act created?
1876
What is Indian act?
The Indian act created the status of Indians in Canada and placed them in the reserve system.
What is the correct definition of an Indian?
An Indian, with anyone who is registered under the Indian act, including those who belong to communities, covered by treaties
Which indigenous groups are not recognized under the Indian act?
Métis and Inuit. However, under the constitution, they must be treated the same as status Indians, but they don’t have Indian status under Canadian law.
What is the reserve system?
Under the Indian act, the reserve system was created to provide small, fixed homelands for status Indians.
How many reserves are there in Canada?
2300
Where are most of the reserves located?
2/3 locate British Columbia
How big are the reserves ?
28,000 km² foot of territory
Who does legal ownership of the reserves belong to?
Legal ownership of the reserves belongs to the crown, but the reserves are manage for the benefit of the people.
What can’t status Indians do without Ottawas consent?
-No legal or commercial transaction could be undertaken
-Status Indians cannot leave their homes.
-Band members cannot sell any part of the reserve
-Cannot cut timber
Where are reserves located?
Reserves are located in rural and remote areas
Issues on the reserves?
-High rate of suicide, alcoholism, violent, death, unemployment current housing, and an infant mortality
What was assimilation and what did it aim towards?
Democracy Canadian style was to replace native traditions of governments and traditional, and inherited leadership.
What was integration
Aiming to remove the economic, social and political barriers between indigenous people from the rest of society.
What was the 1969 white paper?
Included reforms proposed by the liberal government that would’ve ended the reserve system and abolish different status for Indians, as well as transfer the responsibility of education, healthcare, and social needs of Indians to the provinces.
What was self-determination
Determination, for a aboriginal, third order of government, self government should be created alongside the federal and provincial governments
1996 Royal commission on aboriginal peoples
The commission examine the relationships between the government and indigenous. Canadians advise the government on their findings and aim to restore justice to indigenous people.
Terms of the RCAP
-Dual citizenship for aboriginal Canadians
-More money spent on aboriginal programs
-Constitutional talk should include aboriginal representatives
Creation of an aboriginal parliament
What was the outcome of self determination?
The federal government did not accept the concept of divided sovereignty. However, a shared space of political, legal, economic, and ethic grounds was created between aboriginal communities and the government.
