Chapter 16: Nursing Assessment

Question 1

inference

Answer 1

is your judgment or interpretation of

these cues

Question 2

Health perception–health management pattern:

Answer 2

Describes patient’s selfreport
of health and well-being; how patient manages health (e.g., frequency
of health care provider visits, adherence to therapies at home);
knowledge of preventive health practices

Question 3

Nutritional-metabolic pattern:

Answer 3

Describes patient’s daily/weekly pattern of
food and fluid intake (e.g., food preferences or restrictions, special diet,
appetite); actual weight; weight loss or gain

Question 4

Elimination pattern:

Answer 4

Describes patterns of excretory function (bowel,

bladder, and skin)

Question 5

Activity-exercise pattern

Answer 5

Describes patterns of exercise, activity, leisure,

and recreation; ability to perform activities of daily living

Question 6

Sleep-rest pattern

Answer 6

Describes patterns of sleep, rest, and relaxation

Question 7

Cognitive-perceptual pattern:

Answer 7

Describes sensory-perceptual patterns; language

adequacy, memory, decision-making ability

Question 8

Self-perception–self-concept pattern:

Answer 8

Describes patient’s self-concept
pattern and perceptions of self (e.g., self-concept/worth, emotional patterns,
body image)

Question 9

Role-relationship pattern:

Answer 9

Describes patient’s patterns of role engagements

and relationships

Question 10

Sexuality-reproductive pattern

Answer 10

Describes patient’s patterns of satisfaction
and dissatisfaction with sexuality pattern; patient’s reproductive patterns;
premenopausal and postmenopausal problems

Question 11

Coping–stress tolerance pattern:

Answer 11

Describes patient’s ability to manage
stress; sources of support; effectiveness of the patterns in terms of stress
tolerance

Question 12

Value-belief pattern

Answer 12

Describes patterns of values, beliefs (including spiritual

practices), and goals that guide patient’s choices or decisions

Question 13

An initial patientcentered

interview involves:

Answer 13

(1) setting the stage, (2) gathering
information about the patient’s chief concerns or problems and
setting an agenda, (3) collecting the assessment or a nursing health
history, and (4) terminating the interview

Question 14

back channeling

Answer 14

Reinforce your interest in what the patient
has to say through the use of good eye contact and listening skills. includes active
listening prompts such as “all right,” “go on,” or “uh-huh.”

Question 15

Open-Ended Questions

Answer 15

• Tell me how you are feeling.
• Tell me how your health has been.
• Describe how your wife has been helping you.
• Give me an example of how you get relief from your pain at home.

Question 16

Closed-Ended Questions

Answer 16

• Do you think the medication is helping you?
• Who helps you at home?
• Do you understand why you are having the x-ray examination?
• Are you having pain now?
• On a scale of 0 to 10, how would you rate your pain?

Question 17

Precipitating factors

Answer 17

What makes symptoms worse? Are
there activities (e.g., exercise) that affect the symptoms

Question 18

assessing these factors

Answer 18

• Location—Where is the symptom located?
• Onset and duration—When did it start? How long has it
lasted?
• Precipitating factors—What makes symptoms worse? Are
there activities (e.g., exercise) that affect the symptoms?
• Relieving factors—What does the patient do to become
more comfortable or relieve the symptoms?
• Quality—Have the patient describe what the symptom
feels like.
• Severity—Have the patient rate the severity on a scale of
0 to 10. This gives you a baseline with which to compare
in follow-up assessments.
• Concomitant symptoms—Does the patient experience
other symptoms along with the primary symptom? For
example, does nausea accompany pain?