Chapter 16-Innate Immunity:Nonspecific Defenses Of Host

Question 0

Susceptibility:

Answer 0

Lack of resistance to disease

Question 1

4 Nonspecific defenses of the host?

Answer 1

• susceptibility
• immunity
• innate immunity
• adaptive immunity

Question 2

Immunity:

Answer 2

Ability to ward off disease

Question 3

Innate immunity:

Answer 3

Nonspecific immunity defenses that protect against any pathogen

Question 4

Adaptive immunity:

Answer 4

Specific immunity block or isolate from letting specific pathogen in.

Question 5

First line of defense examples:

Answer 5

• intact skin
• mucous membranes
• normal microbiota

Question 6

Second line of defense:

Answer 6

• natural killer cells and phagocytic white blood cells
• inflammation
• fever
• antimicrobial substance

Question 7

Third line of defense:

Answer 7

• specialized lymphocytes: T & B cells

- antibodies

Question 8

First line defense- 8 mechanical factors?

Answer 8

• intact skin
• mucous membranes
• lacrimal apparatus
• saliva
• ciliary escalator
• epiglottis
• urine
• vaginal secretions

Question 9

Intact skin:

Answer 9

Epidermis consists of tightly packed cells with many layers, keratin top layer, dryness, shedding.

Question 10

Mucous membranes:

Answer 10

Contain mucous to trap particles

Question 11

Lacrimal apparatus:

Answer 11

Produces continued washing that removes pathogens

Question 12

Saliva:

Answer 12

Produced by salivary glands

Question 13

Ciliary escalator:

Answer 13

Produces mucous.

Microbes are trapped in the mucous and are transported away from the lungs.

Question 14

Epiglottis:

Answer 14

Covers larynx to keep microbes out of the lower respiratory

Question 15

Urine:

Answer 15

Cleanses urethra

Question 16

Vaginal secretions:

Answer 16

Cleans vagina

Question 17

First line- 4 chemical factors:

Answer 17

• sebum
• perspiration
• gastric juice
• transferrins

Question 18

Sebum:

Answer 18

Oily substance produced by sebaceous glands.

• forms protective coating
• fatty acids I honor growth
• lowers pH (3-5) of skin

Question 19

Perspiration:

Answer 19

Sweet glands.

• flushes away microbes
• contains lysozome

Question 20

Gastric juice:

Answer 20

Produced by gastric glands.

• very acidic(1.2-3.0)
• kills most bacteria and toxins

Question 21

Transferrins:

Answer 21

Proteins that bond iron I the blood reduce free hours so bacteria won’t get it.

Question 22

No inhibits ATP production. True or false?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

First line defense-normal microbiota protects the host by:

Answer 23

1. Completion of nutrients
2. Production of toxic substances
3. Alternating the environment