Chapter 16 Heat Transfer

Question 1

Conduction

Answer 1

The transfer of heat energy by molecular and electron collisions within a substance (especially in a solid).

Question 2

Convection

Answer 2

The transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by means of currents in the heated fluid. The fluid moves, carrying energy with it.

Question 3

Radiation

Answer 3

The transfer of energy by means of electromagnetic waves.

Question 4

Terrestrial radiation

Answer 4

The radiation emitted by the Earth to outer space.

Question 5

Newton’s law of cooling

Answer 5

The rate of loss of heat from an object is proportional to the temperature difference between the object and its surrounds.

Question 6

Greenhouse effect

Answer 6

Warming of the lower atmosphere by short-wavelength radiation from the Sun that penetrates the atmosphere, is absorbed by the Earth, and is reradiated at longer wavelengths that cannot easily escape Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 7

Solar constant

Answer 7

1400 J/m^2 received from the Sun each second at the top of Earth’s atmosphere on an area perpendicular to the Sun’s rays; expressed in terms of power, 1.4 kW/m^2

Question 8

Solar power

Answer 8

Energy per unit time derived from the Sun.