Chapter 16- haircoloring Flashcards
activators
powdered persulfate salts added to powder lightener to increase its lightening ability
aniline derivatives
contain small, uncolored dyes that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger, permanent dye molecules within the cortex.
balayage
painting lightener directly onto clean, dry hair for a more natural-looking highlight. also known as free-form technique.
base color
predominant tone of a color.
color fillers
equalize porosity and deposit color in one application to provide a uniform contributing pigment that supports the desired finished haircolor.
color wheel
a tool that visually represents the relationships between colors.
complementary colors
primary and secondary color positioned directly opposite each other on the color wheel.
conditioner fillers
recondition and equalize porosity on damaged hair; they condition, strengthen, help extend haircolor longevity, and make the haircolor formulation cover hair evenly from scalp to ends.
contributing pigment
undertone; the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process.
demipermanent haircolor
formulated to deposit but not lift natural hair color; haircolors meant to deepen or change the tone of the natural hair color; two types include alkaline and acidic.
developers
oxidizing agents or catalysts; have a pH between 2.5 and 4.5, when mixed with an oxidative haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop color molecules and create a change in the hair.
double-process haircoloring
2 step blonding or double process blonding; coloring technique requiring 2 separate procedures in which the hair is pre-lightened before the depositing color is applied to the hair.
foil technique
highlighting technique that involves coloring selected hair strands by slicing or weaving out sections, placing them in foil, applying lightener or color, and then sealing them in the foil for processing.
glaze
describes a haircolor service that adds shine, warmth, and color to the hair.
gloss
hair treatment and product that contains oxidative dyes and designed to add extreme shine to hair.
hair color
(two words) natural color of hair.
haircolor
(one word) professional, industry-coined term referring to artificial haircolor products and services.
highlighting
refers to any technique that involves partial lightening or coloring, coloring some of the hair strands lighter than the natural color to add a variety of lighter shades and the illusion of depth.
hydrogen peroxide
H202, oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidative haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color.
intensity
the strength of a color.
law of color
system for understanding color relationships.
level system
measurement system that colorists use to determine the lightness or darkness of artificial and natural hair color.
lightener
bleach or decolorizer; chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment.
line of demarcation
visible line separating colored hair from new growth.
lowlighting
technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color.
metallic haircolor
Also known as gradual haircolors; haircolors containing metal salts that change hair color gradually by progressive buildup and exposure to air creating a dull, metallic appearance.
natural-based haircolors
like henna, colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants
new growth
also called regrowth; part of the hair shaft between the scalp and previously colored hair.
off-scalp lighteners
strong and fast-acting lighteners; powdered clay lighteners that cannot be used directly on the scalp.
on-scalp lighteners
lighteners that can be used directly on the scalp by mixing the lightener with activators.
permanent haircolors
lighten and deposit color at the same time and in a single process because they are more alkaline than demipermanent colors and are usually mixed with a higher-volume developer.
pre-lightening
pure or fundamental colors that cannot be created by combining other colors.
primary colors
secondary color
color obtained by mixing equal parts of 2 primary colors.
semipermanent haircolor
deposit-only haircolor that is not mined with a developer and is formulated to last through several shampoos.
single-process haircoloring
process that lightens or deposits color in the hair in a single application.
slicing
coloring technique that involves taking a narrow, 1/8-inch hair sections by making a straight part at the scalp, positioning the hair over the foil, and applying lightener or color.
soap cap
a common industry practice used to refresh permanent haircolor; involves using a combination of equal parts of a prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo and worked through the hair during the last 5 minutes of the service.
strand test
determines how the hair will react to the color formula and how long the formula should be left on the hair.
temporary haircolors
nonoxidative haircolors that make only a physical change-not a chemical change-on the hair shaft. This nonpermanent haircolor has large pigment molecules that only deposit a coating of haircolor on the cortex, which may be removed by shampooing the hair.
tertiary color
intermediate color achieved by mixing secondary color and its neighboring primary color on the color wheel in equal amounts.
tone
refers to color balance
toners
volume
weaving
