Chapter 16 Groundwater Flashcards

1
Q

Chlorine is added to drinking water because…

A

it kills diseases that cause bacteria

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2
Q

Where is the water table located?

A

top of the saturation zone

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3
Q

Where does the water table go when there is a shortage in groundwater

A

it lowers

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4
Q

What is the recharge zone?

A

The area where water comes from the surface which can move through permeable rocks to reach the aquifer

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5
Q

What is chemical weathering?

A

The process when carbonic acid breaks down minerals

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6
Q

What is the name for the amount of uniformity in the size of rocks and sediments?

A

Sorting

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7
Q

Hard water contains high levels of what two things?

A

calcium and magnesium

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8
Q

What is a septic system?

A

What many homes that are not connected to a public sanitary sewer use to dispose sewage

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9
Q

Zone of Saturation

A

The layer of an aquifer in which the pore space is completing filled with water

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10
Q

Where is groundwater found?

A

the aquifer

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11
Q

Sewage:

A

wastewater and the different kinds of waste in it like toilet paper and soap

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12
Q

Where does a well have to drilled to get water?

A

Zone of saturation

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13
Q

Define spring.

A

Natural flow of groundwater to the Earth’s surface

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14
Q

What is an artesian well?

A

a well that is pressurized

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15
Q

Define permeable.

A

Materials that allow water to easily pass through them.

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16
Q

Define zone of aeration.

A

The zone that is between the water table and the Earths surface

17
Q

Define aeration.

A

The process of pumping air through water during the treatment process to remove gases which cause an unpleasant smell or taste

18
Q

What is the name of the first step of treating drinking water from a river or lake to be used a drinking water?

A

filtration

19
Q

What allows water to move through pipes of the distribution system?

A

Water pressure

20
Q

Define Sinkhole.

A

When the underlying rock is dissolved away making a cavity on the top layer and allows the ground to collapse.

21
Q

When dripping calcite forms a cone shaped deposit on the ceiling of a cavern it is called _________.

A

stalactite

22
Q

Define geyser

A

The result of pressure build up and eruption through small vents.

23
Q

Define sludge.

A

The buildup of fine sediments in the bottom of a settling tank or septic tank that must be removed.

24
Q

Define cone of depression.

A

The area around a well which is lower than the rest of the water table.

25
Define stalagmite
When dripping calcite builds up from the bottom of a cavern floor to the top of it.
26
What is the difference between stalagmite and stalactite?
stalactite is when dripping calcite is coming from the ceiling
27
Define pores.
The space between rocks or soil particles that could be filled or not filled with water.
28
The process of _____________ is when particles in the water clump together into flocs.
coagulation
29
What is located underground and stores sewage? It also contains bacteria used to treat wastewater.
Septic Tank
30
Define septic field.
located on a homeowners lawn and its job is to clean the waste water form the house by tricking out of pipes through the soil until it reaches groundwater