Chapter 16 Groundwater Flashcards
Chlorine is added to drinking water because…
it kills diseases that cause bacteria
Where is the water table located?
top of the saturation zone
Where does the water table go when there is a shortage in groundwater
it lowers
What is the recharge zone?
The area where water comes from the surface which can move through permeable rocks to reach the aquifer
What is chemical weathering?
The process when carbonic acid breaks down minerals
What is the name for the amount of uniformity in the size of rocks and sediments?
Sorting
Hard water contains high levels of what two things?
calcium and magnesium
What is a septic system?
What many homes that are not connected to a public sanitary sewer use to dispose sewage
Zone of Saturation
The layer of an aquifer in which the pore space is completing filled with water
Where is groundwater found?
the aquifer
Sewage:
wastewater and the different kinds of waste in it like toilet paper and soap
Where does a well have to drilled to get water?
Zone of saturation
Define spring.
Natural flow of groundwater to the Earth’s surface
What is an artesian well?
a well that is pressurized
Define permeable.
Materials that allow water to easily pass through them.
Define zone of aeration.
The zone that is between the water table and the Earths surface
Define aeration.
The process of pumping air through water during the treatment process to remove gases which cause an unpleasant smell or taste
What is the name of the first step of treating drinking water from a river or lake to be used a drinking water?
filtration
What allows water to move through pipes of the distribution system?
Water pressure
Define Sinkhole.
When the underlying rock is dissolved away making a cavity on the top layer and allows the ground to collapse.
When dripping calcite forms a cone shaped deposit on the ceiling of a cavern it is called _________.
stalactite
Define geyser
The result of pressure build up and eruption through small vents.
Define sludge.
The buildup of fine sediments in the bottom of a settling tank or septic tank that must be removed.
Define cone of depression.
The area around a well which is lower than the rest of the water table.
Define stalagmite
When dripping calcite builds up from the bottom of a cavern floor to the top of it.
What is the difference between stalagmite and stalactite?
stalactite is when dripping calcite is coming from the ceiling
Define pores.
The space between rocks or soil particles that could be filled or not filled with water.
The process of _____________ is when particles in the water clump together into flocs.
coagulation
What is located underground and stores sewage? It also contains bacteria used to treat wastewater.
Septic Tank
Define septic field.
located on a homeowners lawn and its job is to clean the waste water form the house by tricking out of pipes through the soil until it reaches groundwater
