Chapter 16 - Disclosure standards Flashcards
EPS
Earnings Per Share - forms the denominator of the PE Ratio
IAS 33
The standard sets out the rules for consistent calculation and presentation of EPS
EPS Principle
To get a consistent and comparable ratio for measuring earnings
Measures performance by measuring earnings
IAS 33 - Net Profit Attributable to ordinary shareholders
Consolidated profit or loss after tax, NCI, appropriations for non-equity shares including profits from Associates and Joint Ventures
IAS 33 - Ordinary Share
An equity instrument subordinate to all other classes of equity instruments
IAS 33 - Weighted Average Number of Shares
This is the issues and repurchases of shares during the year, weighted on time
Shares issued in exchange for cash
Shares are added in th weighting when cash is receivable
Dividends are reinvested as shares
Shares are included at the date of payment of the dividends
Convertible debt and other financial instruments are used
The shares will be included when the interest ceases to accrue
Shares are issues for consideration in the acquisition of another entity
Shares will be included at the date of acquisition of the other entity
Equity Shares in issue
> issue at full market price
bonus issue (also known as capitalization issue or scrip issue
share exchange
rights issue
Equity Shares issue at full market price
Average number of shares in issue and ranking for dividend
> 4 Million shares issued at January 1
1 Million additional shares issued at September 30
Earnings at December 31, 500 thousand
Weighted average number of shares and EPS?
Weighted average shaures = 4,250 Million
EPS = 11.8c
Equity Shares Bonus Issue
No additional resources enter the business and no additional earnings are generated
Equity Shares Bonus Issue
Shares ranking for dividends after the bonus issue are used
Bonus Factor
If the bonus issue is 1 for 4
The bonus factor is 5/4, irrespective of the date of the bonus issue
Equity Shares Bonus Issue
Corresponding figures for all previous periods are recalculated to include the bonus issue
By multiplying the EPS for earlier periods by the reciprocal of the bonus factor
> 4 Million shares at January 1 2011
1 for 4 Bonus issue on September 30 2011
500k Earnings at December 31 2011
EPS in 2010 is 9c
What is the number of shares, EPS in 2011 and 2010?
Bonus Factor = 5/4
Number of shares = 4 Million x 5/4 => 5 Million
2011 EPS = 500k/5Million => 10c
2010 EPS = 9c x 4/5 => 7.2c
Bonus fraction is…
Fair value before the exercise of rights / Theoretical ex-rights price
Theoretical Ex-rights price
Price of the shares after the rights issue
(Value of Current shares + value of rights issue) / market value of all shares after rights issue
In issue > 4 million shares
Rights issue > 1 for 4 at $0.5
Market price > $1
Whats the theoretical ex-rights price
$1 x 4 million
$0.5 x 1 million
= $4,500,000
$1 x 5 million
= $5,000,000
4,500,000/5,000,00 = $0,90
Bonus Fraction from previous example
Fair value before the exercise of rights / Theoretical ex-rights price
$1,00/$0,90
=100/90
What is the weighted average number of shares
Issued shares x bonus Fraction x time
4 Million x 100/90 x 9/12
5 million x 3/12
Weighted average shares after a rights issue
Previous year EPS after a rights issue
Original EPS x Reciprocal of bonus Fraction
Potential ordinary shares
> Convertible debt or equity instruments
Share warrants and options
Rights granted under employee share schemes
Contingently issuable shares
Dilution of EPS
When rights to Ordinary shares are realised, number of ordinary shares increases lowering EPS
IAS 33 - EPS dilution
Diluted EPS should be calculated using an adjusted profit figure
Diluted EPS =
(Earning per EPS + Adjustment for dilutive potential ordinary shares) / (Number of shares per EPS + Adjustment for dilutive potential ordinary shares)
IAS 33 - Disclosures
EPS
The basic and diluted EPS should be shown on the P&L
IAS 33 - Disclosures
Weighted average number of shares
Disclosure of the calculation
IAS 33 - Disclosures
Number of shares in the diluted EPS
Disclose number of shares used in diluted EPS
TERP - Theoretical Ex-Rights Price
Price before rights = X
Price of rights share = Y
Total value of total shares = XY
TERP = XY/Number of total shares