Chapter 16 Circular motion Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a radian?

A

It is the angle that is produced when an arc has a length that is equal to the radius of the circle

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2
Q

How many radians are there in a circle?

A

There are 2π radians

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3
Q

What is the equations to find the angle in radians?

A

Angle in radians = arc length / radius

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4
Q

What is angular velocity?

A

It is the rate of change of the angle of an object rotating around a fixed point

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5
Q

What is the symbol for angular velocity?

A

ω

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6
Q

What is the equation to find angular velocity?

A
ω = θ / t
ω = angular velocity
θ = change of angle
t = change of time
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7
Q

What are the units for angular velocity?

A

Radians per second (rad s^-1)

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8
Q

How can the frequency of an object rotating around a point be calculated?

A

ω = 2πf

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9
Q

What is a centripetal force?

A

It is a force that holds an object towards the centre of a circle.

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10
Q

What angle does centripetal force act?

A

Always perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the object

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11
Q

What is the equation for speed for a rotating object?

A
v = rω
v = SPEED
r = radius
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12
Q

What is centripetal acceleration?

A

This is the acceleration towards the centre of the circle for a rotating object moving at a constant speed

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13
Q

What are the equations for centripetal acceleration?

A
a = v^2 / r
a = ω^2r
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14
Q

What is the equation for the centripetal force?

A

F = mv^2 / r
or
F = mω^2r

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15
Q

How is the equation for the centripetal force derived?

A

By combining F = ma with a = v^2 / 2

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16
Q

What is happening to the forces if the radius of a rotating object stays constant?

A

The centripetal force is equal to the force outward

17
Q

What are examples of centripetal force and what is causing the force?

A

Car turning - Friction
Swinging a ball on a string - Tension
Satellite rotating around the earth - Gravity

18
Q

How do banked surfaes work?

A

Normally on a flat surface, the centripetal force is just the friction. On a banked surface, the centripetal force is the friction and the normal contact force

19
Q

What are the properties of a fairground ride where a user stands and follows a vertical circular path?

A

The user feels lighter at the top of the rotation and heavier at the bottom of the rotation.