Chapter 16 Bones and Soft Tissues Flashcards
T or F: male bones tend to be larger and heavier than female ones
True
What is the first stage of reducing swelling and pain due to strain?
RICE
r-rest
i- ice
c- compression
e- elevation
T or F: the term sprain refers to a sudden overstretched muscle that becomes injured
False
What are the symptoms of a sprain?
pain, swelling, bruising, and loss of the ability to move or use the joint
T or F: the common cause of tendonitis is a direct blow
False
What is a good way to prevent tendonitis?
Slowly increase the intensity and type of exercise
T or F: a scrape/abrasion is usually covered by a bandage to prevent contamination
False
what does the axial skeleton include?
skull, spine, ribs, and sternum
T or F: Can chronic strains be caused by trauma, injury, improperly lifting heavy objects, or overstressing muscles
False
What is an incomplete break in a child’s bone considered?
greenstick fracture
what is a bone that is broken into at least 3 pieces called?
comminuted fracture
what are involuntary muscles called in the hollow organs?
smooth muscles
What can prevent a strain?
eating well, wearing fitted shoes, stretching, staying in good condition
When a ligament is partially torn with bruising, moderate pain, and swelling, the sprain is considered what?
grade 2
What are the functions of a skeleton?
to move providing places for the skeletal muscles to attach, to store minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, to form blood cells for the circulatory system, and to protect internal organs such as the brain and heart
How is a stress fracture caused?
overuse, poor muscle balance, mainly in the leg and foot
If an abrasion keeps getting worse what should you do?
go to a physician
what is myositis ossification?
a classification that forms within the muscle, resulting from an improperly managed contusion
what is tendonitis?
inflammation of the tendon
what is a tendon?
fibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone
what is muscle fatigue?
an injury that results from an accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle
what is a laceration?
An injury that results from a tear in the skin (a cut)
what is bursitis?
inflammation of the bursa
what is hematoma?
the formation of the blood and tissue fluid that pools within a tissue space
what is a contusion?
an injury resulting from a direct blow or force that does not interrupt the skin. Mainly bruising in the spot
what is a puncture wound?
an injury caused by a sharp, pointed object that penetrates the skin
what is a strain?
an injury to the muscle caused by the twisting or pulling of a muscle or tendon
what is another name for bruising?
ecchymosis
what is inflammation?
a process that occurs when tissues are subjected to chemical or physical trauma in which pain, heat, redness, and swelling occur
what is avulsion?
an injury that results when layers of the skin are torn off either completely or a flap of skin remains
what is a break in a bone an area of growth called?
epiphyseal plate fracture
what is reduction
setting bones in their normal position relative to each other, so they can heal properly
what is contractibility
the ability of a muscle to shorten
what is atrophy?
immobilized muscle cells wasting away
what is hypertrophy?
muscle cells that are exercised getting larger
a serious complication of a contusion and calcifies to form within the muscle is what
myositis ossification
what is external fixation?
uses a cast to keep bones aligned
what is internal fixation?
keeps bones aligned through a surgical procedure
what does the primer mover do?
for body parts is the main muscle of motion
what is an antagonist?
It is the opposite of the primer mover
